After a preliminary review of consumer complaints and other information related to alleged defects, NHTSA obtains information from the manufacturer(including data on complaints, crashes, injuries, warranty claims, modifications, and part sales) and determines whether further analysis is warranted. If warranted, the investigator will conduct a more detailed and complete analysis of the character and scope of the alleged defect.
NHTSA Action Number: DP21005
Date Opened: 2021-12-23
Date Closed: 2022-02-07
Manufacturer’s Name: Generic Manufacturer
Component Description: ELECTRICAL SYSTEM:CYBERSECURITY
Recall Campaign:
Summary Description: SAE J1939 Data Bus Vulnerability
Summary
In a letter dated September 27, 2021, Mr. James Lamb, Executive Director of the Small Business in Transportation Coalition (SBTC), petitioned the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), requesting the initiation of a defect investigation into the potential hacking susceptibility of the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J1939 Data Bus standard. SAE J1939 is the vehicle bus recommended practice used for communication and diagnostics among vehicle components. In support of the petition, the petitioner cited a study from University of Michigan (Michigan) researchers alleging a SAE J1939 Data Bus vulnerability in a Model Year (MY) 2001 school bus and a MY 2006 Class-8 semi-tractor. The study alleges that, due to the vulnerability, vehicle critical safety functions such as the accelerator control or braking systems are susceptible to unauthorized access and control and increases risk to motor vehicle safety. On December 23, 2021, the Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened DP21-005 to evaluate the petitioner's request. The petitioner did not specify the make and model of the vehicles with the alleged safety defect. The only categories of relevant vehicles specified were found in the study: MY 2001 school buses and MY 2006 Class-8 semi-tractors. ODI has not received any complaints of any type related to this alleged vulnerability (The single complaint identified above is the petition.). This evaluation included searches of complaints from vehicle owners, operators, and fleet supervisors.Further, based on the available information, ODI has not found any similar events/complaints/allegations suggesting a real-life vulnerability. The vehicle compromises reported in the Michigan study required physical access to the J1939 connector in order to affect vehicle critical safety functions such as the accelerator control or braking systems. Whether there is a potential for remote compromise is a factor that NHTSA has considered in evaluating the likelihood or frequency of a potential safety defect. The Michigan study did not demonstrate a remote compromise of these vehicles. In addition, based on the age of the subject model year school buses and semi-tractors, they do not have over-the-air software update capabilities/internet connection to make remote compromise possible. Therefore, given a thorough analysis of the potential for finding a safety-related defect in the subject vehicles, and in view of NHTSA?s enforcement priorities, a defects investigation is unlikely to result in a finding that a defect related to motor vehicle safety exists. NHTSA is authorized to issue an order requiring notification and remedy of a defect if the Agency's investigation shows a defect in the design, construction, or performance of a motor vehicle that presents an unreasonable risk to safety (49 U.S.C. ?? 30102(a)(9), 30118).Given the absence of any similar events/incidents related to this matter and lack of demonstrated potential for remote compromise, it is unlikely that an order concerning the notification and remedy of a safety-related defect would be issued due to any investigation opened as a result of granting this petition. Therefore, upon full consideration of the information presented in the petition, and the potential risks to safety, the petition is denied. The denial of this petition does not foreclose the Agency from taking further action if warranted, or the potential for a future finding that a safety-related defect exists based upon additional information the Agency may receive. A notice of denial of this petition will be published in the Federal Register.
Read More...NHTSA Action Number: EA21003
Date Opened: 2021-12-22
Date Closed: 2024-02-05
Manufacturer’s Name: Hyundai
Motor America
Component Description: ENGINE
Recall Campaign: 23V877
Summary Description: Engine Fires
Summary
On March 29, 2019, the Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened two Preliminary Evaluations (PE19-003 on Hyundai and PE19-004 on Kia) to broadly investigate incidents of non-crash fires (regardless of origin or operational status of the vehicle) on various model year Hyundai and Kia vehicles. During the PE investigations, Hyundai and Kia issued several recalls to address vehicle fires, including those due to engine failures involving various engine types. The remedies for the engine failure recalls typically involve engine inspection (to detect existing damage), and if necessary, engine replacement. Additionally, both manufacturers have been installing an engine control software modification known as Knock Sensor Detection Software (KSDS) which is intended to detect impending engine failure, alert the driver, and limit engine power (to lessen likelihood of engine failure).KSDS is being installed under recalls and non-safety field actions, and both companies have extended limited engine warranties (see recall files). On December 22, 2021, ODI upgraded PE19-003 and PE19-004 to this Engineering Analysis (EA21-003, covering both Hyundai and Kia) to evaluate the scope of the prior recalls related to engine failures/fires and the efficacy of the recall remedies for the recalls, as well as the long-term viability of related programs and non-safety field actions being conducted by Hyundai and Kia. The former issue involved approximately 550,000 MY 2013 Hyundai Elantra, MY 2011 Kia Sorento, and MY 2012-2015 Kia Rio. The latter issue involved approximately 2.5 million recalled vehicles, which have been identified as displaying potential remedy concerns: Hyundai recalls 15V-568, 17V-226, 20V-746, and 21V-727; and Kia recalls 17V-224, 19V-120, 20V-750, and 21V-844. Regarding the recall scope issue, among all of the scope vehicles identified at EA opening, ODI found only the MY 2011 Kia Sorento vehicles equipped with both the Theta II 2.4L 4-cylinder Multi-Point Injection (MPI) and the Lambda II 3.5L 6-cylinder MPI engines experienced relatively high rates of reported fires. In December 2023, Kia issued recall 23V-877 that will cover about 80,000 MY 2011 Kia Sorento vehicles equipped with the Theta II 2.4L MPI engines. The remedy will involve an inspection, and if necessary, a replacement of the engine, as well as the installation of KSDS. It should be noted that in 2021 these vehicles were included in a KSDS product improvement campaign with warranty extension. For the MY 2011 Sorento vehicles equipped with the Lambda II 3.5L engines, ODI believes that future engine failures/fires involving these vehicles will likely be due to a lax in adhering to the proper or scheduled engine maintenance (regular engine oil changes), rather than a design or manufacturing engine issue. Regarding the issue of the efficacy of the recall remedies, ODI found the majority of the recalled Hyundai and Kia vehicles, by model, experienced lower reported fire rates after the remedies were applied. Furthermore, ODI found that for most vehicles that did not receive the recall remedies, by model, experienced relatively high fire rates. To address this problem, Hyundai informed ODI in December 2023, that it will renotify all of its owners covered by the Hyundai recalls of engine failures/fires every 8 months for the next 3 years. In December 2023, Kia stated that it will renotify the majority of its owners every 8 months for the next 3 years.Several previously recalled Kia models are excluded from the renotification due to their lower reported rates of engine fires. Overall, the renotification actions will help to increase the recall completion rates, thus reduce the frequency of engine fires in the future. In view of the recall action being taken by Kia and renotification actions being taken by both Kia and Hyundai, ODI is closing this Engineering Analysis. Also, both companies have been released from the 2020-iniated Consent Orders (Kia since November 2022 and Hyundai since November 2023). The agency reserves the right to take additional action if warranted by future circumstances. To review the reports cited in the Closing Resume ODI Report Identification Number document, go to NHTSA.gov.
NHTSA Action Number: PE21023
Date Opened: 2021-12-21
Date Closed: 2023-05-26
Manufacturer’s Name: Tesla, Inc.
Component Description: EQUIPMENT:RECREATIONAL VEHICLE/TRAILER:120/240 VAC ELECTRICAL SYSTEM:RECEPTACLE
Recall Campaign:
Summary Description: Tesla Passenger Play
Summary
The Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened Preliminary Evaluation (PE21-023) on December 21, 2021, to evaluate the driver distraction potential and use frequency / circumstances of in-vehicle game-play functionality referred to as ?Passenger Play? in certain model year (MY) 2017-2022 Tesla Model 3, S, X, and Y vehicles. Distracted driving can result in an increased risk of a crash. PE21-023 was prompted by the receipt of Vehicle Owners Questionnaire (VOQ) 11439598 from the owner of a 2021 Model 3 on November 6, 2021. ODI sent an Information Request (IR) letter to Tesla on January 20, 2022 and received Tesla?s response on March 4, 2022.On December 24, 2020, Tesla introduced Passenger Play to vehicles equipped with the Intel Atom processor (receiving an aftersale software update) via its 2020 holiday release. Passenger Play permitted occupants to play specific games selected by Tesla for primarily turn-based play style and limited gameplay motion with the transmission in Drive and the vehicle in motion. Under these conditions, a notification would display on the screen and the screen area devoted to the game would reduce from 100% to accommodate vehicle controls and driving task data readout. Specific changes varied among models. On December 21, 2022, Tesla voluntarily disabled Passenger Play capability with Firmware Release 2021.44.25.1 in response to NHTSA?s request. Tesla reported a month later that a 97% completion rate was achieved though Tesla?s Over the Air (OTA) update. ODI opened PE 21-023 to evaluate the driver distraction potential of Tesla Passenger Play while the vehicle is being driven including aspects of the feature, frequency, and use scenarios.Based on the analysis conducted, PE21-023 has been closed. The closing of this investigation does not constitute a finding by NHTSA that no safety-related defect exists. Furthermore, it does not foreclose the Agency from taking further action, if warranted, or the potential for a future finding that a safety-related defect exists through additional information the Agency may receive.See attached Closing Report for a detailed summary of the investigation findings.
NHTSA Action Number: PE21022
Date Opened: 2021-12-09
Date Closed: 2022-07-08
Manufacturer’s Name: Nissan North America, Inc.
Component Description: LATCHES/LOCKS/LINKAGES:HOOD:LATCH
Recall Campaign: 22V420
Summary Description: Hood Latch/Bell Crank Assembly
Summary
The Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) opened this preliminary evaluation to investigate consumer complaints alleging hood latch failures occurring on certain model year (MY) 2013-2016 Nissan Pathfinder vehicles. Complaints received indicated a sudden and unexpected opening of the hood while the vehicle was in motion, blocking the driver's visibility.During this investigation Nissan collected parts from the field to analyze for root cause of the alleged failures. On June 13, 2022, Nissan submitted a Defect Information Report (DIR) to NHTSA regarding a hood bell crank assembly defect in certain MY2013-2016 Nissan Pathfinder vehicles produced at the Smyrna, TN plant. According to Nissan's DIR, an accumulation of dust and dirt contamination on and around the bell crank lever pivot joint, which actuates the secondary hood latch, can create a condition that can cause the lever to remain in the open position after it has been disengaged. In this condition, the secondary hood latch may not hold the hood closed as designed while the vehicle is in motion obstructing the driver's forward view and increasing the risk of a crash.A remedy plan for all affected vehicles is currently under development. See recall action 22V-420 for further details. Nissan's action resolves the issues raised by this investigation, and therefore, this investigation is closed.The VOQs cited above can be found with ID numbers: 11456378, 11448298, 11436637, 11431131, 11427702, 11423321, 11406574, 11398825, 11389741, 11387952, 11375938, 11349105,11306735, 11302647, 11190468, 11166607.
NHTSA Action Number: DP21004
Date Opened: 2021-11-17
Date Closed: 2022-06-22
Manufacturer’s Name: Generic Manufacturer
Component Description: STRUCTURE: UNDERRIDE
Recall Campaign:
Summary Description: Semi-Trailer Side Underride Guards
Summary
See the attached evaluation report.
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