• The high voltage system has no user-serviceable parts. Do not disassemble, remove or replace high voltage components,
cables or connectors. High voltage cables are colored orange for easy identification.
• If a collision occurs, do not touch any high voltage wiring, connectors, or components connected to the wiring.
• In the unlikely event that a fire occurs, immediately contact your local fire emergency responders.
WARNING: Always disconnect the charge cable before working underneath Model SModel XModel 3Model Y, even if
charging is not in progress.
WARNING: Keep your hands and clothing away from cooling fans. Some fans operate even when Model SModel XModel
3Model Y is powered off.
WARNING: Some fluids (Battery acid, Battery coolant, brake fluid, windshield washer additives, etc.) used in vehicles are
poisonous and should not be inhaled, swallowed, or brought into contact with open wounds. For your safety, always read
and follow instructions printed on fluid containers.
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Replacing the Low Voltage Battery
You can replace the low voltage battery yourself on some vehicles. See Replacing the Low Voltage Lead-Acid Battery on page
Replacing the Low Voltage Lead-Acid Battery on page for more information and procedure instructions.

Replacing the Low Voltage Battery
You can replace the low voltage battery yourself on some vehicles. See Replacing the Low Voltage Lead-Acid Battery on page
Replacing the Low Voltage Lead-Acid Battery on page for more information and procedure instructions.

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Cleaning
Cleaning the Exterior
To prevent damage to the paint, immediately remove corrosive substances (grease, oil, bird droppings, tree resin, dead
insects, tar spots, road salt, industrial fallout, etc.). Do not wait until Model SModel XModel 3Model Y is due for a complete
wash. If necessary, use denatured alcohol to remove tar spots and stubborn grease stains, then immediately wash the area
with water and a mild, non-detergent soap to remove the alcohol.
Keep the exterior cameras free of dirt, condensation, or obstructions. These substances can cause unclear pictures or
Autopilot and safety features to stop working (see Cleaning a Camera on page 765Cleaning a Camera on page 766Cleaning a
Camera on page 766Cleaning a Camera on page 766).
Follow these steps when washing the exterior of Model SModel XModel 3Model Y:
1. Before washing, flush grime and grit from the vehicle using a hose. Flush away accumulations of mud in areas where debris
easily collects (such as wheel wells and panel seams). If salt has been used on the highways (such as during winter
months), thoroughly rinse all traces of road salt from the underside of the vehicle, wheel wells, and brakes.
2. Hand wash Model SModel XModel 3Model Y using a clean soft cloth and cold or lukewarm water and a mild, high-quality
car shampoo.
CAUTION: Some cleaners and car shampoos contain chemicals that can cause damage or discoloration, especially
for plastic trim pieces, exterior lights, or camera lenses. For example, some car cleaning formulas contain hydroxide
or other highly alkaline or caustic ingredients that can damage exterior components. Do not use acidic products
either. Damage or discoloration resulting from cleaning products is not covered by the warranty.
3. After washing, rinse with clean water to prevent soap from drying on the surfaces.
4. Dry thoroughly with a chamois. If necessary, dry the brakes by going on a short drive and applying the brakes multiple
times.
Use isopropyl alcohol wipes (such as those used to clean glasses or screens) to clean away small stains.
Window Cleaning and Treatments
Clean windows and mirrors using an automotive glass cleaner. Do not scrape or use any abrasive cleaning fluid on glass or
mirrored surfaces. Follow the directions in Cleaning the Exterior on page 765 for best practices in cleaning the exterior glass.
To add a hydrophobic coating to your vehicle's windows, apply the coating only to the side and rear windows, not the front
windshield—doing so may affect the visibility of the autopilot cameras. Follow the hydrophobic coating manufacturer’s
instructions for application details.
NOTE: Tesla is not responsible for any damage associated with applying window treatments on your vehicle.
Car Wash Mode
When taking Model SModel XModel 3Model Y to a car wash, Car Wash Mode closes all windows, locks the charge port, and
disables windshield wipers, Sentry Mode, walk-away door locking, and parking sensor chimes. To enable, touch Controls >
Service > Car Wash Mode. Your vehicle must be stationary and not actively charging.
If using an automatic car wash, Enable Free Roll keeps your vehicle in Neutral and activates free roll for the duration of the
wash, while preventing Model SModel XModel 3Model Y from applying the Parking brake if you leave the driver's seat. To
enable, press on the brake pedal and touch Enable Free Roll; or shift into Neutral.
Car Wash Mode disables if the vehicle's speed exceeds 9 mph (15 km/h) or by touching Exit on the touchscreen.
CAUTION: Failure to put Model SModel XModel 3Model Y in Car Wash Mode may result in damage (for example, to the
charge port or windshield wipers). Damage caused by car washes is not covered by the warranty.
Cleaning a Camera
To ensure a clear picture, the camera lens must be clean and free of obstructions. There are two different methods to clean a
camera, depending on when your vehicle was built.
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For vehicles built prior to approximately January 12, 2023: Remove any build-up of dirt or debris by spraying water onto the
camera lens with a spray bottle. Do not attempt to remove dirt or debris by wiping an exposed lens with your hands or a cloth.
This debris can damage the surface of the lens when rubbed against it during wiping.
For vehicles built as of approximately January 12, 2023: Remove any build-up of dirt or debris by spraying water onto the
camera lens and drying it with a microfiber cloth. Clean the camera lens every week during wet weather (snow, rain, sleet) and
every month during dry weather.
CAUTION: Do not use chemical-based or abrasive cleaners. Doing so can damage the surface of the lens.
CAUTION: Do not clean an ultrasonic sensor (if equipped) or camera lens with a sharp or abrasive object that can
scratch or damage its surface.
Cleaning a Camera
To ensure a clear picture, the camera lens must be clean and free of obstructions. There are two different methods to clean a
camera, depending on when your vehicle was built.
For vehicles built prior to approximately January 12, 2023: Remove any build-up of dirt or debris by spraying water onto the
camera lens with a spray bottle. Do not attempt to remove dirt or debris by wiping an exposed lens with your hands or a cloth.
This debris can damage the surface of the lens when rubbed against it during wiping.
For vehicles built as of approximately January 12, 2023: Remove any build-up of dirt or debris by spraying water onto the
camera lens and drying it with a microfiber cloth. Clean the camera lens every week during wet weather (snow, rain, sleet) and
every month during dry weather.
CAUTION: Do not use chemical-based or abrasive cleaners. Doing so can damage the surface of the lens.
CAUTION: Do not clean an ultrasonic sensor (if equipped) or camera lens with a sharp or abrasive object that can
scratch or damage its surface.
Cleaning a Camera
To ensure a clear picture, the camera lens must be clean and free of obstructions. There are different methods to clean a
camera, depending on when your vehicle was built.
For vehicles built from Fremont and Gigafactory Austin prior to approximately late May 2023: Remove any build-up of dirt or
debris by spraying water onto the camera lens with a spray bottle. Do not attempt to remove dirt or debris by wiping an
exposed lens with your hands or a cloth. This debris can damage the surface of the lens when rubbed against it during wiping.
For vehicles built from Fremont and Gigafactory Austin as of approximately late May 2023: Remove any build-up of dirt or debris
by spraying water onto the camera lens and drying it with a microfiber cloth. Clean the camera lens every week during wet
weather (snow, rain, sleet) and every month during dry weather.
Remove any build-up of dirt or debris by spraying water onto the camera lens with a spray bottle. Do not attempt to remove
dirt or debris by wiping an exposed lens with your hands or a cloth. This debris can damage the surface of the lens when
rubbed against it during wiping.
CAUTION: Do not use chemical-based or abrasive cleaners. Doing so can damage the surface of the lens.
CAUTION: Do not clean an ultrasonic sensor (if equipped) or camera lens with a sharp or abrasive object that can
scratch or damage its surface.
Cleaning a Camera
To ensure a clear picture, the camera lens must be clean and free of obstructions.
Remove any build-up of dirt or debris by spraying water onto the camera lens and drying it with a microfiber cloth. Clean the
camera lens every week during wet weather (snow, rain, sleet) and every month during dry weather.
CAUTION: Do not use chemical-based or abrasive cleaners. Doing so can damage the surface of the lens.
CAUTION: Do not clean an ultrasonic sensor (if equipped) or camera lens with a sharp or abrasive object that can
scratch or damage its surface.

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Cautions for Exterior Cleaning
CAUTION: Do not wash in direct sunlight.
CAUTION: Do not use windshield treatment fluids. Doing so can interfere with wiper friction and cause a chattering
sound.
CAUTION: Do not use hot water, detergents, highly alkaline or caustic cleaning ingredients or solvents, specifically
those containing hydroxide.
CAUTION: If using a pressure washer, maintain a distance of at least 12" (30 cm) between the nozzle and the surface of
Model SModel XModel 3Model Y. Avoid aiming the water jet directly at parking sensors. Keep the nozzle moving and do
not concentrate the water jet on any one area.
CAUTION: Do not aim water hoses directly at windows, door, or hood seals or at electronic modules or exposed cabling.
CAUTION: To avoid corrosive damage that may not be covered by the warranty, rinse away any road salt from the
underside of the vehicle, wheel wells, and brakes. After cleaning the vehicle, dry the brakes by going on a short drive
and applying the brakes multiple times.
CAUTION: Avoid using tight-napped or rough cloths, such as washing mitts. A high-quality microfiber cleaning cloth is
recommended.
CAUTION: If washing in an automatic car wash, use touchless car washes only. These car washes have no parts (brushes,
etc.) that touch the surfaces of Model SModel XModel 3Model Y. Some touchless car washes use caustic solutions that,
over time, can cause discoloration of decorative exterior trim. Avoid exposure to soaps and chemicals above pH 13. If
unsure, check the product label or ask the staff at the car wash. Damage caused by improper washing is not covered by
the warranty.
CAUTION: If washing in an automatic car wash, make sure the vehicle is locked. In addition, avoid using controls on the
touchscreen that can result in accidentally opening doors or trunks while the vehicle is being washed. Any damage
caused is not covered by the warranty.
CAUTION: Ensure the wipers are off before washing Model SModel XModel 3Model Y to avoid the risk of damaging the
wipers.
CAUTION: Do not use chemical based wheel cleaners or pre-wash products. These can damage the finish on the wheels.
WARNING: Never spray liquid at a high velocity (for example, if using a pressure washer) towards the charge port while
Model SModel XModel 3Model Y is charging. Failure to follow these instructions can result in serious injury or damage
to the vehicle, charging equipment, or property.

Cleaning the Interior
Frequently inspect and clean the interior to maintain its appearance and to prevent premature wear. If possible, immediately
wipe up spills and remove marks. For general cleaning, wipe interior surfaces using a soft cloth (such as microfiber) dampened
with a mixture of warm water and mild non-detergent cleaner (test all cleaners on a concealed area before use). To avoid
streaks, dry immediately with a soft lint-free cloth.
Interior Glass
Do not scrape, or use any abrasive cleaning fluid on glass or mirrored surfaces. This can damage the reflective surface of the
mirror and the heating elements in the rear window.
Airbags
Do not allow any substance to enter an airbag cover. This could affect correct operation.
Dashboard and Plastic Surfaces
Do not polish the upper surfaces of the dashboard. Polished surfaces are reflective and could interfere with your driving view.
Seats
NOTE: Tesla warranty does not cover damage to seats caused by cleaning solutions or methods that are not approved by Tesla.
Your vehicle’s seats are made of a custom, sustainable, vegan leather which is softer than leather, yet far more durable and
stain resistant. Tesla recommends that you regularly clean and vacuum the interior of your vehicle to maintain performance
and an as-new appearance. You can purchase an all-purpose cleaning kit on the Tesla shop.
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Avoid contact with harsh chemicals, including certain cosmetics. Such substances can cause damage, degradation, or
discoloration over time.
For general spills and stains, wipe spills and chemical residues from interior surfaces as soon as possible. Moisten a soft cloth
(preferably microfiber) with warm water and mild soap and gently wipe the stain in a circular motion. Then, wipe dry using a
soft, lint-free cloth. Do not blow dry. Anything more than soap can be too harsh. Using other cleaning agents, disinfectants,
conditioners, or protectants is not recommended.
For white seats: As a last resort, moisten a soft cloth (such as microfiber) with warm water and isopropyl alcohol and gently
wipe the stain in a circular motion (DO NOT use this method on black seats). Clean off any remaining isopropyl alcohol residue
with a soft, damp cloth. Aggressive or extended use of isopropyl alcohol will damage the top coat of the material, allowing
stains to occur more readily and violating the warranty.
CAUTION: Do not use products containing alcohol, bleach (sodium hypoclorite), citrus, naptha, or silicon-based
additives. Do not spray the seat directly with any spray. Do not get water into the seat belt mechanism.
A variety of clothing, accessories, and cosmetics may contain dyes or oils which can transfer onto the seats over time. These
stains are difficult to prevent and cannot always be safely cleaned off.
CAUTION: Aftermarket, non-Tesla seat covers may inhibit the sensitivity of a seat's occupancy sensors and may cause
staining or damage.
If equipped with leather seats, note that leather is prone to dye-transfer which can cause discoloration, particularly on light
colored leather. White and tan leather is coated with an anti-soiling treatment. Using detergents or commercially available
leather cleaners and conditioners is not recommended because they can discolor or dry out the leather.
CAUTION: The front seats are equipped with microphones (see Active Road Noise Reduction on page 62) that must not
be exposed to liquids. To prevent damage to these microphones when cleaning, do not over-saturate the area of the
seats where these microphones are located.
Carpets
Avoid over-wetting carpets. For heavily soiled areas, use a diluted upholstery cleaner.
Seat Belts
Extend the belts to wipe. Do not use any type of detergent or chemical cleaning agent. Allow the belts to dry naturally while
extended, preferably away from direct sunlight.
Door Seals
Wipe door seals with a damp cloth to remove any debris. Excessive debris on the door seals can cause damage when
contacting surrounding surfaces. Avoid using alcohol wipes or any chemical products that can potentially deteriorate the
coating on the door seals.
Tesla Built-In Rear Facing Child Seats
Vacuum the seats to remove any loose dirt. Wipe the seats with a soft cloth dampened with warm water. You can also use an
upholstery cleaner designed for automotive use. Extend the belts to wipe. Allow the belts to dry naturally, preferably away
from direct sunlight.
TouchscreenTouchscreenFront and Rear TouchscreensTouchscreen, Rear Touchscreen, and Instrument
PanelTouchscreen and Instrument Panel
Clean the touchscreen(s) and instrument panel using a soft lint-free cloth specifically designed to clean monitors and
displays. Do not use cleaners (such as a glass cleaner) or alcohol-based gel products (such as hand sanitizer) and do not use a
wet wipe or a dry statically-charged cloth (such as a recently washed microfiber). To wipe the front touchscreen without
activating buttons and changing settings, you can enable Screen Clean Mode. Touch Controls > Display > Screen Clean Mode.
The display darkens to make it easy to see dust and smudges. To exit Screen Clean Mode, press and hold HOLD TO EXIT.
Chrome and Metal Surfaces
Polish, abrasive cleaners, alcohol-based gel products (such as hand sanitizer), and hard cloths can damage the finish on
chrome and metal surfaces.

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Cautions for Interior Cleaning
CAUTION: Using solvents (including alcohol), alcohol-based gel products (such as hand sanitizer), bleach, citrus,
naphtha, or silicone-based products or additives on interior components can cause damage.
CAUTION: Statically-charged materials can cause damage to the touchscreen or instrument panel.
WARNING: If you notice any damage on an airbag or seat belt, contact Tesla immediately.
WARNING: Do not allow any water, cleaners, or fabric to enter a seat belt mechanism.
WARNING: Exposure to chemical cleaners can be hazardous and can irritate eyes and skin. Read and observe the
instructions provided by the manufacturer of the chemical cleaner.

Polishing, Touch Up, and Body Repair
To preserve the cosmetic appearance of the body, you can occasionally treat the paint surfaces with an approved polish
containing:
• Very mild abrasive to remove surface contamination without removing or damaging the paint.
• Filling compounds that fill scratches and reduce their visibility.
• Wax to provide a protective coating between the paint and environmental elements.
Regularly inspect the exterior paint for damage. Treat minor chips and scratches using a paint touch-up pen (available for
purchase from Tesla, depending on market region). Use the touch-up pen after washing but before polishing or waxing.
Repair rock chips, fractures or scratches. Refer to https://www.tesla.com/support/body-shop-support for more information
on repair locations and available services.
CAUTION: Do not use cutting pastes, color restoration compounds, or polishes containing harsh abrasives. These can
scour the surface and permanently damage the paint.
CAUTION: Do not use chrome polish or other abrasive cleaners.

Using a Car Cover
To preserve the cosmetic appearance of the body when Model SModel XModel 3Model Y is not being used, use a genuine
Tesla car cover. Car covers can be purchased online from the Tesla Shop.

CAUTION: Use only a Tesla-approved car cover when Model SModel XModel 3Model Y is plugged in. Using a non-Tesla
car cover can prevent the Battery from being adequately cooled during charging.

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Floor Mats
To extend the life of your carpet and make them easier to clean, use genuine Tesla floor mats available online at http://
www.tesla.com. Maintain floor mats by regularly cleaning them and checking that they are properly attached. Replace floor
mats if they become excessively worn.
WARNING: To avoid potential interference with a foot pedal, ensure that the driver’s floor mat is securely fastened, and
never place an additional floor mat on top of it. Floor mats should always rest on top of the vehicle carpeting surface and
not on another floor mat or other covering.

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Tire Pressures
Displaying Tire Pressures
Tire pressures display on the touchscreen by touching Controls > Service, or use the mobile app. The pressure of each tire
displays in the visualization of Model SModel XModel 3Model Y, in addition to the time the tire pressures were last read by the
system.
The touchscreen also displays your vehicle's recommended cold tire pressures so you can easily determine how much to
inflate your tires.
To choose whether to display tire pressures using Bar or PSI, touch Controls > Display > Tire Pressure.
NOTE: You may need to drive briefly before the visualization displays the tire pressure values.

Maintaining Tire Pressures

Keep tires inflated to the recommended pressures, even if it differs from the pressure printed on the tire itself. The Tire and
Loading Information label on the center door pillar is visible when the driver door is open and represents a nominal driving
scenario in which the vehicle is carrying cargo in the front trunk and up to five passengers. When carrying heavy loads, up to
the vehicle's GVWR, in a Cybertruck equipped with All Terrain tires, the tire pressures should be increased.
Tires (Front and Rear)
20" All Season
20" All Terrain

Normal Load*

GVWR**

50 psi

50 psi

50 psi

65 psi

*Normal Load assumes a fully loaded front trunk and up to five occupants (see Calculating Load Limits on page 1410).
**GVWR load capacity not exceeding the vehicle's Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (see Weights - Vehicle on page 1414).
CAUTION: If you are towing a trailer, do not use the tire pressures printed on the Tire and Loading Information Label.
Instead, refer to the tire pressures published (see Tire Pressures when Towing on page 1238).
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The Low Tire Pressure indicator light on the touchscreen alerts you if a tire is under-inflated. This light does not
immediately turn off when you adjust tire pressure. After inflating the tire to the recommended pressure, you
must drive over 15 mph (25 km/h) for a short amount of time to activate the Tire Pressure Monitoring System
(TPMS), which turns off the Low Tire Pressure indicator light.

If the indicator light flashes for one minute whenever you power on Model SModel XModel 3Model Y, a fault with the TPMS is
detected.
Your vehicle’s tire pressures will drop in cold ambient temperatures. If the TPMS indicator light appears, inflate the tires before
driving. The tires will lose approximately one PSI for every 10° F (6° C) drop in outside temperature. Proper tire pressures help
protect tires from potholes and improve range and tire longevity when properly inflated.
WARNING: The Low Tire Pressure indicator light alerts you only in situations when a tire is below the recommended
threshold (as indicated on the Tire and Loading Information label) under normal driving conditions. It does not alert you
when a tire is under-inflated based on the load you are carrying.
WARNING: Under-inflation is the most common cause of tire failures and can cause a tire to overheat, resulting in severe
tire cracking, tread separation, or blowout. This may lead to unexpected loss of vehicle control and increased risk of
injury. Under-inflation also reduces the vehicle's range and tire tread life.

Checking and Adjusting Tire Pressures
WARNING: Check tire pressures using an accurate pressure gauge when tires are cold. It takes only about one mile
(1.6 km) of driving to warm up the tires sufficiently to affect tire pressures. Parking the vehicle in direct sunlight or in hot
weather can also affect tire pressures. If you must check warm tires, expect increased pressures. Do not let air out of
warm tires in an attempt to match recommended cold tire pressures. A hot tire at or below the recommended cold tire
inflation pressure is dangerously under-inflated.
Follow these steps when tires are cold and Model SModel XModel 3Model Y has been stationary for over three hours:
1. Refer to the Tire and Loading Information label located on the driver’s center door pillar for the target tire pressure.
2. Remove the wheel cover (see Removing and Installing Wheel Covers on page 1382).
3. Remove the valve cap.
4. Firmly press an accurate tire pressure gauge onto the valve to measure pressure.
NOTE: You can also view tire pressures on the touchscreen.

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5. If required, add or remove air to reach the recommended pressure.
NOTE: You can release air by pressing the metal stem in the center of the valve.
6. Re-check pressure using the accurate tire gauge.
7. Repeat steps 5 and 6 as necessary until the tire pressure is correct.
8. Reinstall the valve cap to prevent dirt from entering. Periodically check the valve for damage and leaks.
9. Reinstall the wheel cover.

Tire Pressure Monitoring
The Model SModel XModel 3Model Y is equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system that warns the driver
of significant under-inflation or over-inflation of the tires by displaying the Tire Pressure Indicator Light. Check
the Tire Information label located on the driver's door pillar for more details, or see Maintaining Tire Pressures
on page 1375.

Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and inflated to the inflation pressure
recommended by the vehicle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires of a
different size than the size indicated on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label, you should determine the proper tire
inflation pressure for those tires.)
As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) that illuminates a
low tire pressure telltale when one or more of your tires is significantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when the low tire pressure
telltale illuminates, you should stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving
on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel
efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle's handling and stopping ability.
Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire maintenance, and it is the driver's responsibility to maintain
correct tire pressure, even if under-inflation has not reached the level to trigger illumination of the TPMS low tire pressure
telltale.

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TPMS Malfunction
Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the system is not operating properly.
The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the low tire pressure telltale. When the system detects a malfunction, the
telltale will flash for approximately one minute and then remain continuously illuminated. This sequence will continue upon
subsequent vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunction exists.
When the malfunction indicator is illuminated, the system may not be able to detect or signal low tire pressure as intended.
TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replacement or alternate tires or wheels on
the vehicle that prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one
or more tires or wheels on your vehicle to ensure that the replacement or alternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to
continue to function properly.
The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the tire pressure indicator light. If Model SModel XModel
3Model Y detects a fault with the TPMS, this indicator flashes for one minute whenever you power on
Model SModel XModel 3Model Y.

NOTE: Installing accessories that are not approved by Tesla can interfere with the TPMS.
NOTE: If a tire has been replaced or repaired using a different tire sealant than the one available from Tesla, and a low tire
pressure is detected, it is possible that the tire sensor has been damaged.

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Inspecting and Maintaining Tires
Regularly inspect the tread and side walls for any sign of distortion (bulges), foreign objects, cuts or wear.
WARNING: Do not drive Model SModel XModel 3Model Y if a tire is damaged, excessively worn, or inflated to an
incorrect pressure. Check tires regularly for wear, and ensure there are no cuts, bulges or exposure of the ply/cord
structure.
To improve the mileage you get from your tires, maintain tires at the recommended tire pressures, observe speed limits and
advisory speeds, and avoid:
• Pulling away quickly, or hard acceleration.
• Fast turns and heavy braking.
• Potholes and objects in the road.
• Hitting curbs when parking.
• Contaminating tires with fluids that can cause damage.

Tire Wear
Adequate tread depth is important for proper tire performance.
Model SModel XModel 3Model Y is originally fitted with tires that have wear indicators molded into the tread pattern. When
the tread has been worn down to 2/32” (1.6 mm), the indicators start to appear at the surface of the tread pattern, producing
the effect of a continuous band of rubber across the width of the tire. For optimal performance and safety, Tesla recommends
replacing tires before the wear indicators are visible.
Tires with a tread depth less than 4/32” (3 mm) are more likely to hydroplane and should not be used when driving in wet
conditions. Tires with a tread depth less than 5/32” (4 mm) do not perform well in snow and slush and should not be used
when driving in winter conditions.
To improve vehicle handling characteristics and minimize hydroplaning in wet conditions, put tires with the most tread on the
rear of the car.

Tire Rotation, Balance, and Wheel Alignment
Tesla recommends rotating the tires every 6,250 miles (10,000 km) or if tread depth difference is 2/32 in (1.6 mm) or greater,
whichever comes first.
Tire rotation is an essential part of tire maintenance. It helps maintain an even tread wear pattern which enhances the tire's
overall wear quality, decreases road noise and maximizes tire life.
Unbalanced wheels (sometimes noticeable as vibration through the steering wheel) affect vehicle handling and tire life. Even
with regular use, wheels can get out of balance. Therefore, they should be balanced as required.
If tire wear is uneven (on one side of the tire only) or becomes abnormally excessive, check the wheel alignment.
Punctured Tires
A puncture eventually causes the tire to lose pressure, which is why it is important to check tire pressures frequently.
Permanently repair (if safe to do so) or replace punctured or damaged tires as soon as possible.
Your tubeless tires may not leak when penetrated, provided the object remains in the tire. If, however, you feel a sudden
vibration or ride disturbance while driving, or you suspect a tire is damaged, immediately reduce your speed. Drive slowly,
while avoiding heavy braking or sharp steering and, when safe to do so, stop the vehicle and contact Roadside Assistance.
NOTE: In some cases, you can temporarily repair small tire punctures (under 1/4” (6 mm)) using an optional tire repair kit
available from Tesla. This allows you to slowly drive Model SModel XModel 3Model Y to a nearby tire repair facility.
WARNING: Do not drive with a punctured tire that has not been repaired, even if the puncture has not caused the tire to
deflate. A punctured tire can deflate suddenly at any time.

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Flat Spots
If Model SModel XModel 3Model Y is stationary for a long period, tires can form flat spots. When Model SModel XModel
3Model Y is driven, these flat spots cause a vibration which gradually disappears as the tires warm up and regain their original
shape.
To minimize flat spots during storage, inflate tires to the maximum pressure indicated on the tire's sidewall. Then, before
driving, release air to adjust tire pressure to the recommended levels.
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
After replacing one or more wheels (but not after just replacing a tire or rotating wheels), the TPMS sensors are reset to
ensure tire pressure warnings are accurate. TPMS sensors reset automatically after driving over 15 mph (25 km/h) for longer
than 10 minutes.
NOTE: After replacing a wheel, false tire pressure warnings may display before you've driven 15 mph (25 km/h) for longer than
10 minutes.
WARNING: If your Model SModel XModel 3Model Y is equipped with aftermarket tires that differ in size from those
printed on the Tire and Loading Information Label (see Vehicle Loading on page 1408), it is the driver's responsibility to
determine the correct tire pressure. Do not drive on public roads when tires are not inflated to the correct pressure.
WARNING: Do not depend on TPMS sensors to accurately determine pressures and trigger alerts. It is the driver's
responsibility to maintain correct tire pressures (see Maintaining Tire Pressures on page 1375). Over or under-inflated
tires can result in loss of control or tire damage, which can lead to serious injury.
TPMS Malfunction
Model SModel XModel 3Model Y has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the system is
not operating properly.
The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the tire pressure indicator light. When the system detects a
malfunction, the indicator flashes for approximately one minute, then remains continuously lit. This sequence
continues upon subsequent vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunction exists. When the TPMS malfunction
indicator is on, the system might not be able to detect or signal under-inflated tires as intended.

TPMS malfunctions can occur for a variety of reasons, including installing replacement or alternate tires or wheels that prevent
the TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the TPMS malfunction indicator light after replacing one or more tires or
wheels on your vehicle to ensure that the replacement tires or wheels allow the TPMS to continue to function properly.
NOTE: If a tire has been replaced or repaired using a different tire sealant than the one available from Tesla, and a low tire
pressure is detected, it is possible that the tire sensor has been damaged. Use the mobile app to schedule a service
appointment to have the fault repaired as soon as possible.
Replacing a Tire Sensor
If the Tire Pressure warning indicator displays frequently, schedule a service appointment to determine if a tire sensor needs
to be replaced. Non-Tesla Service Center must replace using a Tesla OEM sensor.

Seasonal Tire Types
Understand Your Tire Type
The type of tires that your vehicle is originally equipped with depends on vehicle model and market region. It is important to
understand the capabilities of your vehicle's tires and whether they are suited for summer, all-season, or winter driving. Check
the information on the sidewall of a tire for information about a tire's performance characteristics (see Tire Pressures on page
1375).
Summer and All-Season Tires
Summer tires and all season tires are designed for maximum dry and wet road performance but are not designed to perform
well in winter conditions. All-season tires are designed to provide adequate traction in most conditions year-round, but may
not provide the same level of traction as winter tires in snowy or icy conditions. All-season tires can be identified by “ALL
SEASON" and/or "M+S” (mud and snow) on the tire sidewall.
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If driving in cold temperatures or on roads where snow or ice may be present, Tesla recommends using winter tires.
WARNING: In cold temperatures or on snow or ice, summer and all-season tires do not provide adequate traction.
Selecting and installing the appropriate tires for winter conditions is important to ensure the safety and optimum
performance of your Model SModel XModel 3Model Y.
All-Terrain Tires
Use all-terrain tires if you regularly drive on gravel and dirt roads. All-terrain tires are suitable for driving on both paved roads
(city streets, highways, etc.) as well as off-road (sand, dirt, mud, etc.). All-terrain tires must be the same diameter, brand,
construction and tread pattern on all four wheels.
When driving with all-terrain tires, you may experience more road noise, shorter tread life, and less traction on dry roads.
Winter Tires
Use winter tires to increase traction in snowy or icy conditions. When installing winter tires, always install a complete set of
four tires at the same time. Winter tires must be the same diameter, brand, construction and tread pattern on all four wheels.
Winter tires can be identified by a mountain/snowflake symbol on the tire's sidewall.

When driving with winter tires, you may experience more road noise and shorter tread life.
WARNING: Never exceed the speed rating of your vehicle's tires. The speed rating is shown on the sidewall of your tires
(see Understanding Tire Markings on page 1386).

Driving in Low Temperatures
Tire performance is reduced in low ambient temperatures, resulting in reduced grip and an increased susceptibility to damage
from impacts. Performance tires (summer applications) have reduced traction in ambient temperatures below 5° C40° F (5°
C), and are not recommended in snow/ice conditions. Performance tires can temporarily harden when cold, causing you to
hear rotational noise for the first few miles (kilometers) until the tires warm up.

Tire Chains
Only use tire chains on the REAR tires.
Tesla has tested and approved the following tire chains to increase traction in snowy conditions. Install tire chains on rear tires
only. The approved tire chains can be purchased from Tesla.
CAUTION: You must remove wheel covers before installing tire chains. Failure to do so can cause damage not covered
by the warranty.
Tire Size

Recommended Chain

20"

Konig XD-16 Pro Size 285

When installing tire chains, follow the instructions and warnings provided by the tire chain manufacturer. Mount them evenly
and as tight as possible.
When using tire chains:
• Inspect the tire chains for loose fittings and damaged links before each use.
• Set air suspension to Medium and turn off the Preferred Ride Height to Low setting (see Suspension on page 1219).
• Avoid heavily loading Model SModel XModel 3Model Y (heavy loads can reduce the clearance between the tires and the
body).
• Do not drive the vehicle without the chains properly installed.
• Drive slowly. Do not exceed 30 mph (48 km/h).

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• Remove the tire chains as soon as conditions allow.
NOTE: Tire chains are prohibited in some jurisdictions. Check local laws before installing tire chains.
CAUTION: Using non-recommended tire chains, or using tire chains on other sized tires can damage the suspension,
body, wheels, and/or brake lines. Damage caused by using non-recommended tire chains, or incorrectly installing tire
chains, is not covered by the warranty.
CAUTION: Never deflate your tires to put on tire chains. When re-inflated, the chains might fit too tightly and cause tire
damage.
CAUTION: Install tire chains on rear tires only. Installing chains on front tires can cause damage.
CAUTION: Ensure that the tire chains cannot touch suspension components or brake lines. If you hear the chains making
unusual noises that would indicate contact with Model SModel XModel 3Model Y, stop and investigate immediately.

Removing and Installing Wheel Covers
If your Model SModel XModel 3Model Y is equipped with wheel covers, you must remove them to access the valve stem and
the lug nuts.
To remove a wheel cover:
1. Grasp the cover firmly with both hands.
2. Pull the cover toward you to release the retaining clips.

NOTE: Make sure the mounting ring is removed with the wheel cover.
To install a wheel cover:
1. Separate the mounting ring from the wheel cover by pulling the platic ring from the inside of the wheel cover.

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2. Align the mounting ring with the spokes of the wheel. Firmly press the mounting ring into the wheel to secure it.

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3. Align the wheel cover with the design of the tire.