6.6 cu ft (187 L)

81.2 cu ft (2299.5 L)**

87.8 cu ft (2486.5 L)

* Maximum cargo volume behind the front row seats. Includes the 12.6 cu ft (357 L) cargo area in the rear trunk
(area behind the third row seats, if equipped).
** Second row seats fully forward and/or folded.

Subsystems
Motor Type

Front Motor

AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, liquid-cooled, with variable frequency drive

Rear Motor

AC induction motor, liquid-cooled, with variable frequency drive

Nominal Voltage

320 volts

Transmission
Type

Specifications

Type

Single speed fixed gear

Overall Final Drive Ratio

Reverse Gear

Small motor: 9.0:1
Large motor: 9.7:1
Reverse direction of motor, limited to 15 mph (24 km/h)

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Steering
Steering

Specifications

Type

Variable rack and pinion with electronic power steering, speed sensitive

Number of turns lock to lock

2.33

Turning Circle (curb to curb)

40.3 ft/12.3 m

Brakes
Brakes

Specifications

Type

4-wheel anti-lock braking system (ABS) with Electronic Brake
Force Distribution, Integrated Advanced Stability Control and
Electronic Accelerator pedal actuated regenerative braking system

Calipers

Front: Four piston, fixed
Rear: Single piston, floating

Rotor Diameters (ventilated)

Front: 13.98”/355 mm
Rear: 14.37”/365 mm
New: 1.26”/32 mm

Front Rotor thickness

Service limit: 1.18”/30 mm

Rear Rotor thickness

New: 1.10”/28 mm
Service limit: 1.02”/26 mm

Front Brake Pad Thickness (excluding back
plate)

0.346”/8.8 mm

Rear Brake Pad Thickness (excluding back
plate)

0.354”/9 mm

Parking brake

Electrically actuated parking brake calipers
Front: .31"/8 mm

Brake Disc Friction Pair

Rear: .28"/7 mm

Suspension
Suspension

Specifications

Front

Independent, virtual pivot double wishbone

Rear

Independent, virtual pivot double wishbone

Battery - Low Voltage
Battery - Low Voltage

Specifications

Rating

33 amp hour or higher

Voltage and Polarity

Low voltage negative (-) ground

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Battery - High Voltage
Battery - High Voltage

Specifications

Type

Liquid-cooled lithium ion (Li-ion)

Nominal Voltage - 75 and 100 kWh 350 V DC
Temperature Range

Do not expose Model X to ambient temperatures above 140° F (60° C) or
below -22° F (-30° C) for more than 24 hours at a time.

Battery - High Voltage Specifications
Type

Liquid-cooled lithium ion (Li-ion)

Temperature Range

Do not expose Model X to ambient temperatures above 140° F (60° C) or below -22° F
(-30° C) for more than 24 hours at a time.

Wheels and Tires
Wheel Specifications (Factory)
Wheel Type

Size

Offset

20" All Season - Front

9.0J x 20

1.575" (40 mm)

20" All Season - Rear

9.5J x 20

1.378" (35 mm)

20" Summer - Front

9.0J x 20

1.575" (40 mm)

20" Summer - Rear

10.0J x 20

1.378" (35 mm)

22" Summer - Front

9.0J x 22

1.575" (40 mm)

22" Summer - Rear

10.0J x 22

1.378" (35 mm)

Lug Nut Torque

129 lb. ft (175 Nm)

Lug Nut Socket Size

21 mm

NOTE: For instructions on how to jack/lift Model X, see Jacking and Lifting on page 274.
Tire Specifications (Factory)
Tire Type

Size

Load Index / Speed Rating

20" - Continental - Front

265/45R20

108 / V

20" - Continental - Rear

275/45R20

110 / V

22" - Continental, Goodyear, or Pirelli Front

265/35R22

102 / W

22" - Continental, Goodyear, or Pirelli - Rear

285/35R22

106 / W

Refer to the tire pressures printed on the Tire and Loading Information label. This label is located on the driver’s
door pillar and is visible when the driver’s door is open (see Maintaining Tire Pressures on page 257).
Winter tires can be purchased from a Tesla service center or may be available for purchase on the Tesla web site.

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Understanding Tire Markings
Laws require tire manufacturers to place standardized information on the sidewall of all tires. This information
identifies and describes the fundamental characteristics of the tire. It also provides the tire identification number
(TIN) for certification of safety standards, and in case of a recall.

1. Tire category: P indicates that the tire is for passenger vehicles.
2. Tire width: This 3-digit number is the width (in millimeters) of the tire from sidewall edge to sidewall edge.
3. Aspect ratio: This 2-digit number is the sidewall height as a percentage of the tread width. So, if the tread width
is 205 mm, and the aspect ratio is 50, the sidewall height is 102 mm.
4. Tire construction: R indicates that the tire is of Radial ply construction.
5. Wheel diameter: This 2-digit number is the diameter of the wheel rim in inches.
6. Load index: This 2 or 3-digit number is the weight each tire can support. This number is not always shown.
7. Speed rating: When stated, indicates the maximum speed (in mph) at which the tire can be used for extended
periods. Q=99 mph (160 km/h), R=106 mph (170 km/h), S=112 mph (180 km/h), T=118 mph (190 km/h), U=124 mph
(200 km/h), H=130 mph (210 km/h), V=149 mph (240 km/h), W=168 mph (270 km/h), Y=186 mph (300 km/h),
(Y)=vehicle's top speed (exceeds the "Y" rating).
8. Tire composition and materials: The number of plies in both the tread area and the sidewall area indicates how
many layers of rubber coated material make up the structure of the tire. Information is also provided on the type
of materials used.
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9. Maximum tire load: The maximum load which can be carried by the tire.
10. Maximum permissible inflation pressure: This pressure should not be used for normal driving.
11. U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number (TIN): Begins with the letters DOT and indicates that the tire meets all
federal standards. The next 2 digits/letters represent the plant code where it was manufactured, and the last 4
digits represent the week and year of manufacture. For example, the number 1712 is used to represent the 17th
week of 2012. The other numbers are marketing codes used at the manufacturer’s discretion. This information can
be used to contact consumers if a tire defect requires a recall.
12. Treadwear grade: This number indicates the tire’s wear rate. The higher the treadwear number is, the longer it
should take for the tread to wear down. A tire rated at 400, for example, lasts twice as long as a tire rated at 200.
13. Traction grade: Indicates a tire’s ability to stop on wet roads. A higher graded tire should allow you to stop your
vehicle in a shorter distance than a tire with a lower grade. Traction is graded from highest to lowest as AA, A, B,
and C.
14. Temperature grade: The tire’s resistance to heat is grade A, B, or C, with A indicating the greatest resistance. This
grading is provided for a correctly inflated tire, which is being used within its speed and loading limits.

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Uniform Tire Quality Grading

The following information relates to the tire grading system developed by the National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration (NHTSA), which grades tires by tread wear, traction and temperature performance. Tires that have
deep tread, and winter tires, are exempt from these marking requirements.
Where applicable, quality grades are found on the tire’s sidewall between the tread shoulder and maximum section
width. For example:
• TREADWEAR 180
• TRACTION AA
• TEMPERATURE A
The quality grades are described next.
NOTE: In addition to the marking requirements, passenger car tires must conform to Federal Safety Requirements.
Treadwear

The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled
conditions on a specified government test course.
For example, a tire graded 150 wears one and a half times better on a government test course than a tire graded 100.
The relative performance of tires depends on the actual conditions of their use, however, and can depart significantly
from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices, road characteristics, and climate.
Traction

The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are: AA, A, B, and C. These grades represent a tire’s ability to stop on
wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C
might have poor traction performance.
WARNING: Defective tires are dangerous. Do not drive if a tire is damaged, excessively worn, or is inflated to
an incorrect pressure. The safety of the vehicle and occupants can be adversely affected. Check tires regularly
for wear and to ensure there are no cuts, bulges or exposure of the ply/cord structure.
WARNING: The traction grade assigned to the tire is based on straight-ahead braking tests, and does not
include: acceleration, cornering, hydroplaning or peak traction characteristics.
Temperature

The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and
its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel.
Sustained high temperature can cause the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead
to sudden tire failure.
The grade C corresponds to the minimum level of performance that all passenger car tires must meet under the
Federal Motor Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel
that exceed the minimum requirements.
WARNING: A tire’s temperature grade is established for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded.
Excessive speed, under-inflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat
buildup and possible tire failure.
Tire and Loading Glossaries
General Wheel and Tire Terms

Accessory Weight

291

The combined weight (in excess of those items replaced) of items available as factory
installed equipment.

Owners Manual
Bead

The inner edge of a tire that is shaped to fit to the rim and form an air tight seal. The
bead is constructed of steel wires which are wrapped, or reinforced, by the ply cords.

Cold Tire Pressure

The air pressure in a tire that has been standing in excess of three hours, or driven for less
than one mile.

Curb Weight

The weight of a standard vehicle, including any optional equipment fitted, and with the
correct fluid levels.

Gross Vehicle Weight

The maximum permissible weight of a vehicle with driver, passengers, load, luggage, and
equipment.

kPa (kilo pascal)

A metric unit used to measure pressure. One kilo pascal equals approximately 0.145 psi.

Maximum Inflation
Pressure

The maximum pressure to which the tire should be inflated. This pressure is given on the
tire side wall in psi (lbf/in2).
CAUTION: This pressure marked on the tire is the maximum allowed by the tire
manufacturer. It is not the pressure Tesla recommends using for Model X.

Maximum Loaded
Vehicle Weight

The sum of curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity weight, and production
options weight.

Production Options
Weight

The combined weight of options installed which weigh in excess of 3 lb (1.4 kg) more
than the standard items that they replaced, and are not already considered in curb or
accessory weights.

PSI (lbf/in2)

Pounds per square inch (the unit used to measure tire pressure).

Recommended Tire
Inflation Pressure

Tire inflation pressure, established by Tesla, which is based on the type of tires that are
mounted on the vehicle at the factory. This information can be found on the Tire and
Loading Information label located on the door pillar.

Rim

The metal support for a tire, or tire and tube, upon which the tire beads are seated.

Vehicle Capacity
Weight

The number of seats multiplied by 150 lbs (68 kg) plus the rated amount of load/luggage.

Load Carrying Definitions

Normal occupant weight

68 kilograms (150 lbs) times the number of occupants specified in the second column
of the tables for calculating load limits (see the Vehicle Loading topic of this Owner's
Manual).

Occupant distribution

Distribution of occupants in a vehicle.

Passenger car tire

(P or Hard Metric) A tire intended for use on passenger cars, multipurpose passenger
vehicles, and trucks, that have a of 10,000 lbs (4536 kg) or less.

Light truck tire

(LT) A tire for use where additional load carrying capability is needed.

Rim diameter

Nominal diameter of the bead seat.

Rim size designation

Rim diameter and width.

Rim type designation

The manufacturing industry's designation for a rim by style or code.

Rim width

Nominal distance between the rim's flanges.

Vehicle maximum load on
the tire

Load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of
the maximum loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two.

Vehicle normal load on the Load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of
tire
the curb weight, accessory weight, and normal occupant weight and dividing by two.
Pneumatic Radial Tire Definitions

Bead separation

A breakdown of the bond between components in the bead.

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Bias ply tire

A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles
substantially less than 90 degrees to the center line of the tread.

Carcass

The tire structure, except tread and sidewall rubber which, that when inflated, bears the load.

Chunking

The breaking away of pieces of the tread or sidewall.

Cord

The strands forming the plies in the tire.

Cord separation

The parting of cords from adjacent rubber compounds.

Cracking

Any parting within the tread, sidewall, or inner liner of the tire extending to cord material.

Extra load tire

A tire designed to operate at higher loads and higher inflation pressure than the
corresponding standard tire.

Groove

The space between two adjacent tread ribs.

Inner liner

The layer(s) forming the inside surface of a tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium
within the tire.

Inner liner
separation

The parting of the inner liner from cord material in the carcass.

Load rating

The maximum load that a tire is rated to carry for a given inflation pressure.

Maximum load
rating

The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire.

Measuring rim

The rim on which a tire is fitted for physical dimension requirements.

Open splice

Any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall, or inner liner that extends to the cord material.

Outer diameter

The overall diameter of an inflated new tire.

Overall width

The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, including
elevations due to labeling, decorations, or protective bands or ribs.

Ply

A layer of rubber-coated parallel cords.

Ply separation

A parting of rubber compound between adjacent plies.

Pneumatic tire

A mechanical device made of rubber, chemicals, fabric and steel or other materials, that,
when mounted on an automotive wheel, provides the traction and contains the gas or fluid
that sustains the load.

Radial ply tire

A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90
degrees to the center line of the tread.

Reinforced tire

A tire designed to operate at higher loads and at higher inflation pressures than the
corresponding standard tire.

Section width

The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding
elevations due to labeling, decoration, or protective bands.

Sidewall

The portion of a tire between the tread and bead.

Sidewall separation

The parting of the rubber compound from the cord material in the sidewall.

Snow tire

A tire that attains a traction index equal to or greater than 110, compared to the ASTM
E1136-93 (re-approved 2003, incorporated by reference, see §571.5) Standard Reference Test
Tire when using the snow traction test as described in ASTM F1805-00 (incorporated by
reference, see §571.5), and that is marked with an Alpine Symbol specified in S5.5(i) on at
least one sidewall.

Test rim

The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and may be any rim listed as appropriate for use