–
–
–

ABS
ABS
ABS

B57

–

ABS

B58
B62
B63

–
–
–

ABS
ABS
ABS

B83

–

ABS

B84

–

ABS

B89
B94
E2E

–
–
–

ABS
ABS
ESD

E3B

–

ESD

E3F*
E8E
E8F

–
–
–

ESD
FI
FI

Problems
Rear wheel rotation sensor wiring (wiring shorted or open,
connector bad connection)
Power supply voltage abnormal (low-voltage)
Power supply voltage abnormal (over-voltage)
ECU trouble (ECU operation abnormal)
CAN communication (transmission)/CAN bus monitor
malfunction
CAN communication (reception) monitor malfunction
ABS hydraulic unit - FI ECU communication error
ABS hydraulic unit - IMU communication error
Output fluid pressure sensor (front brake) trouble (voltage
abnormal, wiring shorted or open)
Output fluid pressure sensor (front brake) trouble (offset
abnormal)
Fluid pressure sensor supply voltage abnormal
IMU malfunction
ESD actuator malfunction, wiring open or short
ESD ECU trouble (ESD ECU operation abnormal)
ESD ECU - FI ECU communication error
Input signals for ESD trouble
Low voltage
ESD calibration error
IMU malfunction
IMU communication error or wiring open

Some DFI error has an effect on the S-KTRC, KEBC, KLCM, KQS function.
*: ESD indicator may blink and yellow warning indicator light (LED) may go on when the ignition
switch is turned on with the motorcycle moving. If this happens, first turn the ignition switch
off, and then back on with the motorcycle completely stopped. The ESD indicator and yellow
warning indicator light (LED) should then go off. The ESD indicator may blink and yellow warning
indicator light (LED) may light up by a slight movement of the motorcycle depending on the
positions of the wheel rotation sensor and the wheel rotation sensor rotor.
Notes:
○The ECU may be involved in these problems. If all the parts and circuits checked out good, be sure
to check the ECU for ground and power supply. If the ground and power supply are checked good,
replace the ECU.
○When no service code is displayed, the electrical parts of the DFI system has no fault, and the
mechanical parts of the DFI system and the engine are suspect.
○DTC (Diagnostic Trouble Code) is displayed on the Kawasaki Diagnostic System (KDS Ver.3) and
the Generic Scan Tool (GST).

Backups

○The ECU takes the following measures to prevent engine damage when the DFI, ignition, ETV, ESD
or immobilizer system parts have troubles.

SELF-DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM 17-17
Self-Diagnosis
Service
Codes

11

12

13

14

16

18

1B

21

24

Parts or
Function

Output Signal Usable
Range or Criteria

Backups by ECU

If one of the throttle position sensor 1 or 2
fails (the signal is out of usable range, wiring
short or open), the ECU uses the other sensor
as throttle position input and set Limp Home
Mode (*1).
If both throttle position sensor 1 and 2 fail, the
Output Voltage (full throttle
Throttle
ECU stops current to the throttle actuator and
opening)
set Limp Home Mode (*1).
Position
(1) 4.40  4.60 V
No matter which failure situation is, following
Sensor
(2) 0.40  0.60 V
three methods are set when failure occurs;
1. The ECU sets the DFI in the D-J method (*2)
2. ECU uses the learned middle position value
of the throttle position sensor 1 as a throttle
sensor output.
3. Air switching valve solenoid will be on.
If the intake air pressure sensor system fails
(the signal is out of the usable range, wiring
Intake Air Intake Air Pressure
short or open), three methods will be used.
1. The ECU sets the DFI in the α-N method
Pressure (Absolute)
(*3).
Sensor #1 Pv = 150  800 mmHg
2. The ECU sets MP at 760 mmHg.
3. Air switching valve solenoid will be on.
Intake Air
If the intake air temperature sensor system
Intake Air Temperature
Temperature
fails (the signal is out of the usable range,
Ta = –30  + 120°C
Sensor
wiring short or open), the ECU sets Ta at 60°C.
If the water temperature sensor system fails
Water
Water Temperature
(the signal is out of the usable range, wiring
Temperature
short or open), the ECU sets Tw at 80°C and
Tw = –30  + 120°C
Sensor
the radiator fan operates.
If the atmospheric pressure sensor system
Intake Air Atmospheric Pressure
fails (the signal is out of the usable range,
Pressure (Absolute)
wiring short or open), the ECU sets Pa at 760
Sensor #2 Pa = 150  800 mmHg
mmHg (the standard atmospheric pressure).
If accelerator position sensor 1 or 2 fails (the
signal is out of usable range, wiring short or
Accelerator Output Voltage at Idle
open), the ECU sets Limp Home Mode (*1).
Position
(1) 0.50  0.90 V
If both accelerator position sensor 1 and 2 fail
Sensor
(2) 0.35  1.00 V
(the signal is out of usable range, wiring short
or open), the ECU sets Limp Home Mode (*1).
The ABS hydraulic unit
ABS Hy- sends the data (for status
If the communication data is not sent, the ECU
draulic Unit of ABS hydraulic unit)
stops the S-KTRC.
Communica- to the meter unit and
ECU through the CAN
tion Line
communication line.
Crankshaft sensor must
Crankshaft
If the crankshaft sensor fails, the engine stops
send 22 signals to the ECU
Sensor
by itself.
at the 1 cranking.
Rear wheel rotation sensor If the rear wheel rotation sensor system fails
Rear Wheel
(the signal is missing, wiring open), the ECU
must send 50 signals to
Rotation
the ECU at the 1 rotation of stops the S-KTRC and regards gear position
Sensor
the wheel.
sensor output as internal gear position value.

17-18 SELF-DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM
Self-Diagnosis
Service
Codes
25

27

2D

31

33

34

35

36
39

3A

3C

3E

41

Parts or
Function
Gear
Position
Sensor

Output Signal Usable
Range or Criteria
Output Voltage
0.2  4.8 V

Backups by ECU
If the gear position sensor system fails (no
signal, wiring short or open), the ECU set the
internal gear position value for the top (6th).

Front wheel rotation sensor
Front Wheel
If the front wheel rotation sensor system fails
must send 48 signals to
Rotation
(the signal is missing, wiring open), the ECU
the ECU at the 1 rotation of
Sensor
stops the S-KTRC.
the wheel.
The air intake solenoid
Air Intake valve controls the flow of
Solenoid the intake air by opening
–
Valve
and shutting the solenoid
valve.
If the vehicle-down sensor system has failures
Vehicle
(the output voltage is out of the usable range,
Output Voltage
-down
wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off the
0.2  4.8 V
Sensor
fuel pump relay.
The oxygen sensor is
If the oxygen sensor is not activated, the ECU
active and sensor must
Oxygen
stops the current to the heater, and it stops the
send signals (output
Sensor
voltage) continuously to
feedback control with the oxygen sensor.
the ECU.
If the exhaust butterfly valve sensor system
Exhaust
fails (the output voltage is out of the usable
Butterfly
Output Voltage
range, wiring short or open), the ECU locks
Valve
0.2  4.8 V
the exhaust butterfly valve at full open position
Actuator
near, and it stops the current to the exhaust
Sensor
butterfly valve actuator.
Immobilizer
If the immobilizer system fails (no signal, wiring
Amplifier
–
short or open), the vehicle does not start, and
(Equipped
does not run.
Models)
The ignition key must use If the blank key or broken key is used, the
Ignition Key
register key.
vehicle does not start the engine.
ECU Com- The ECU sends the data to
–
munication the meter unit through the
Line
CAN communication line.
If the purge valve fails (the ECU recognize the
Purge Valve The purge valve controls
purge valve ON without the activation signal
(Other than the flow of the purge air for
from the ECU), the ECU sets the duty rate for
US and CA the canister and shutting
the purge valve 0% and sets internal control to
Models)
the solenoid valve.
Actuator Malfunction Backup Mode (*4).
The ESD ECU sends the
ESD ECU
If the communication data is not sent, the
data (for status of ESD) to
CommunicaESD system maintains the last damping force
the meter unit through the
tion Line
setting.
CAN communication line.
Quick Shifter Output Voltage
–
Sensor
0.2  4.8 V
If the primary fuel injector #1 fails (no signal,
The injector must send
wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off the
Primary Fuel
signals continuously to the
signal to the injector. Fuel is not supplied to the
Injector #1*
ECU.
cylinder #1, though the engine keeps running.

SELF-DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM 17-19
Self-Diagnosis
Service
Codes
42

43

44

46

49

4A

4B

4C

4D

51

52

53

Parts or
Function

Output Signal Usable
Range or Criteria

Backups by ECU

If the primary fuel injector #2 fails (no signal,
The injector must send
wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off the
Primary Fuel
signals continuously to the
signal to the injector. Fuel is not supplied to the
Injector #2*
ECU.
cylinder #2, though the engine keeps running.
If the primary fuel injector #3 fails (no signal,
The injector must send
Primary Fuel
wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off the
signals continuously to the
signal to the injector. Fuel is not supplied to the
Injector #3*
ECU.
cylinder #3, though the engine keeps running.
If the primary fuel injector #4 fails (no signal,
The injector must send
Primary Fuel
wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off the
signals continuously to the
signal to the injector. Fuel is not supplied to the
Injector #4*
ECU.
cylinder #4, though the engine keeps running.
(1) When the relay ON
condition, battery monitor
Fuel Pump voltage 5 V or more.
–
(2) When the relay OFF
Relay
condition, battery monitor
voltage less than 5 V.
TPS Output Voltage
(default position of the
Return
–
throttle valve by learning
Spring
function) 4 V or more
If the secondary fuel injector #1 fails (no signal,
Secondary The injector must send
wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off the
Fuel Injector signals continuously to the
signal to the injector. Fuel is not supplied to the
ECU.
#1*
cylinder #1, though the engine keeps running.
If the secondary fuel injector #2 fails (no signal,
Secondary The injector must send
wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off the
Fuel Injector signals continuously to the
signal to the injector. Fuel is not supplied to the
ECU.
#2*
cylinder #2, though the engine keeps running.
If the secondary fuel injector #3 fails (no signal,
Secondary The injector must send
wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off the
Fuel Injector signals continuously to the
signal to the injector. Fuel is not supplied to the
#3*
ECU.
cylinder #3, though the engine keeps running.
If the secondary fuel injector #4 fails (no signal,
Secondary The injector must send
wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off the
Fuel Injector signals continuously to the
signal to the injector. Fuel is not supplied to the
#4*
ECU.
cylinder #4, though the engine keeps running.
The ECU sends
If the stick coil #1 primary winding has failures
signals (output voltage)
(no signal, wiring short or open), the ECU
Stick Coil #1*
continuously to the stick
shuts off the injector #1 to stop fuel to the
coil.
cylinder #1, though the engine keeps running.
The ECU sends
If the stick coil #2 primary winding has failures
signals (output voltage)
(no signal, wiring short or open), the ECU
Stick Coil #2*
continuously to the stick
shuts off the injector #2 to stop fuel to the
coil.
cylinder #2, though the engine keeps running.
The ECU sends
If the stick coil #3 primary winding has failures
signals (output voltage)
(no signal, wiring short or open), the ECU
Stick Coil #3*
continuously to the stick
shuts off the injector #3 to stop fuel to the
coil.
cylinder #3, though the engine keeps running.

17-20 SELF-DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM
Self-Diagnosis
Service
Codes

Parts or
Function

54

Stick Coil #4*

56

Radiator Fan
Relay

58

ETV
Actuator

63

Exhaust
Butterfly
Valve
Actuator

64

Air Switching
Valve

67

Oxygen
Sensor
Heater

94

Fuel Supply
System

97

Battery

98

ETV Control
Circuit

E2E

ESD
Actuator

E3B

ESD ECU

E3F

ESD ECU

Output Signal Usable
Range or Criteria
The ECU sends
signals (output voltage)
continuously to the stick
coil.
When the radiator fan relay
is OFF, the relay is opened.
The actuator operates