High Pressure Fuel Pump Performance Test and New Service Tool to Assist in Troublesh... Page 1 of 11

Technical Service Bulletin Number
TSB150104

Technical Service Bulletin

Subject
High Pressure Fuel Pump Performance Test and New Service Tool to Assist in
Troubleshooting Fault Code 559

Warranty Statement
The information in this document authorizes specific changes to the repair practice for failures
covered under product warranty coverages.

Contents
Product Affected
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

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



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

ISL9 CM2350 L101
ISL9 CM2350 L111
ISX12 CM2350 X102
ISX15 CM2250 SN
ISX15 CM2250
ISX15 CM2350 X101
PowerGen QSX15 CM2250 ECF
QSL9 CM2350 L102
QSL9 CM2350 L118
QSX15 CM2250 ECF
QSX15 CM2350 X105
QSX15 CM2350 X106

Description of Change
This document announces the High-Pressure Fuel Pump Performance Test, which is an

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improved procedure for high pressure fuel pump diagnostics when troubleshooting Fault Code
559.
The High-Pressure Fuel Pump Performance Test will:




Replace the High-Pressure Fuel Pump Return Flow Test in the Fault Code 559
troubleshooting tree.
Test both the fuel volume and fuel pressure capabilities of the high pressure fuel pump at
the same time.

Service Tool Availability
Completion of High-Pressure Fuel Pump Performance Test requires the new fuel pump
performance test kit. See Table 1 below for parts numbers.
Contact your local Cummins® Distributor with questions.
Table 1, Fuel Pump Performance Test Kits
Product

ISX15/QSX15

ISX12 and
ISL9/QSL9

Kit Part
Number
5299721

5299726

Part Kit Detail Description

Part
Number

Tester, Fuel Pump (Figure 1, Item
1)

5299753

Hose, Leak Test (Figure 1, Item 2)

3164673

Tester, Fuel Pump (Figure 1, Item
1)

5299754

Hose, Leak Test (Figure 1, Item 2)

3164673

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Figure 1, Fuel Pump Performance Test Kit, Part Number 5299721.

CAUTION
When not in use, the fuel pump performance test service tool must be stored in a clean
environment. Do not disassemble the fuel pump performance test service tool as it can be
damaged by dirt or debris.
Service Instructions
A video of the following service procedure is located on QuickServe™ Online. See the video
link below.
NOTE: http://tsb.cumminsvirtualcollege.com/tsb150104.aspx
If a shop possesses the new fuel pump performance test service tool, reference the service
procedure below for instructions on how to complete the High-Pressure Fuel Pump
Performance Test.
High-Pressure Fuel Pump Performance Test
Initial Setup

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If the low pressure fuel system is degraded or the fuel pressure relief valve leakage is out of
specification, this High-Pressure Fuel Pump Performance Test will not provide accurate
results.
Troubleshoot the low pressure fuel system and any high pressure fuel system leakage before
performing High-Pressure Fuel Pump Performance Test.
Preparatory Steps

WARNING
Normal engine operation creates highly pressurized fuel in the fuel line which will remain in
the fuel line after engine shutdown. Never open the fuel system when the engine is
operating. Before servicing the fuel system, always loosen the pump-to-rail fuel line at the
rail to vent the pressure. Keep hands clear of the line when loosening. High-pressure fuel
spray can penetrate the skin, resulting in serious personal injury or death.

WARNING
High pressure fuel spray can cause serious injury or death.

WARNING
Depending on the circumstance, diesel fuel is flammable. When inspecting or performing
service or repairs on the fuel system, to reduce the possibility of fire and resulting severe
personal injury, death, or property damage, never smoke or allow sparks or flames (such as
pilot lights, electrical switches, or welding equipment) in the work area.
Before servicing the high-pressure fuel system, loosen the pump to rail line at the rail to vent
the fuel pressure. See Figure 2 and Figure 3 below.
NOTE: A machined slot in this fitting directs the fuel spray towards the engine.

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Figure 2, ISX/QSX Loosening Pump-To-Rail Line at Fuel Rail to Vent Pressure.

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Figure 3, ISL/QSL Loosening Pump-To-Rail Line at Fuel Rail to Vent Pressure.
Tighten the fuel rail nut.
ISX/QSX CM2250 and CM2350 (All Versions) Torque Value: 47 N•m [ 35 ft-lb ]
ISL/QSL CM2350 (All Versions) Torque Value: 65 N•m [ 48 ft-lb ]

CAUTION
Do not install the fuel system leak tester tool at the high-pressure pump outlet fitting.
Severe engine damage will result. This tool can only be installed at the fuel rail for the
purpose of isolating the high-pressure fuel supply from individual fuel injectors

WARNING
When servicing the engine do not use the starting motor to rotate the engine with a highpressure fuel system joint open. Rotating the engine can create highly pressurized fuel in
the fuel system. High-pressure fuel spray can penetrate the skin, resulting in serious
personal injury or death.
This test requires five fuel system leak tester tools, See Table 1 for part numbers. See Figure 4
below.
Block off five injectors at the fuel rail in place of the high-pressure fuel line. Keep the injector
line supply port that is most accessible unblocked.
ISX/QSX CM2250 and CM2350 (All Versions) Torque Value: 47 N•m [ 35 ft-lb ]
ISL/QSL CM2350 (All Versions) Torque Value: 65 N•m [ 48 ft-lb ]

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Figure 3, Fuel System Leak Tester
Install the fuel pump performance test service tool, Part Number 5299753 (See Figure 1, Item
1), at the unblocked fuel rail connection.
ISX/QSX CM2250 and CM2350 (All Versions) Torque Value: 47 N•m [ 35 ft-lb ]
ISL/QSL CM2350 (All Versions) Torque Value: 65 N•m [ 48 ft-lb ]
Measurement

CAUTION
Do not crank the engine for 30 seconds continuously. Crank the engine in intervals with a
15 second pause between intervals. This reduces the possibility of overheating the starting
motor.
NOTE: If necessary, use a battery charger to maintain proper cranking speed. Units
equipped with starter lockout features may require additional cranking aids.
Engine cranking speed must be above 130 rpm.
1. With the following conditions met:

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Fuel drain line, Part Number 3164673 (Figure 1, Item 2), connected to highpressure fuel pump service tool, Part Number 5299753 (See Figure 1, Item 1).
 Fuel pump actuator disconnected from electrical harness.
 Injector pass-through harness disconnected from engine wiring harness.
Route the hose, Part Number 3164673, into a graduated beaker, Part Number 4919139,
for measurement.
Connect INSITE™ electronic service tool.
Log Engine Speed and Fuel Rail Pressure Measured with INSITE™ electronic service
tool.
Initial Purge
 Crank engine until fuel flow exits the hose or for a maximum of 15 seconds. If no
fuel flow exists the hose after three 15 second crank cycles, inspect the fuel pump
head. See the corresponding Service Manual. Reference Procedure 005-227 Fuel
Pump Head in section 5.
 Discard purged fuel from service tool hose in accordance with local and
environmental regulations.
30 Second Fuel Volume Measurement – Two 15 second crank cycles. (Measurement
begins only after the fuel pump performance test service tool opens. When open, a
pressure pulse can be heard and felt through the high-pressure fuel pump service tool).
 Collect the fuel that exits the high-pressure fuel pump service tool during the initial
15 second measurement cycle.
 Allow the starting motor to cool for 15 seconds.
 Repeat the 15 second measurement cycle.
 Sum and collect the total fuel volume exiting the high-pressure fuel pump service
tool during the initial/final 15 second measurement cycles.
Record the average engine cranking speed from INSITE™ electronic service tool logging
results.


2.
3.
4.
5.

6.

7.

NOTE: After completing the high-pressure fuel pump performance test, fuel may remain
in the drain line. Empty the remaining fuel in line into measuring container to obtain a
proper measurement.







Fuel volume from the high-pressure fuel pump service tool is directly related to engine
speed.
See graphs, Figure 5, 6 and Figure 7 below, to determine the minimum fuel volume from
the high- pressure fuel pump service tool.
For all ISX/QSX CM2250 and CM2350 engines, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 below.
For all ISL/QSL CM2350 engines, see Figure 7 below.

For Figures 5 and 6 below:




Engine speed in rpm can be found on the horizontal axis. This is the average engine
RPM over 30 seconds (two 15 second crank cycles).
Service tool fuel volume in milliliters can be found on the vertical axis. This is the volume
collected over 30 seconds. (two 15 second crank cycles).

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Figure 5, Engine Speed [ rpm ] Versus Service Tool Fuel Volume [ ml ] for All ISX/QSX
CM2250 Engines.

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Figure 6, Engine Speed [ rpm ] Versus Service Tool Fuel Volume [ ml ] for All ISX/QSX
CM2350 Engines.

Figure 7, Engine Speed [ rpm ] Versus Service Tool Fuel Volume [ ml ] for All ISL/QSL
CM2350 Engines.
Scenario 1

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If the measured fuel volume from the high-pressure fuel pump service tool at the recorded
engine speed is in the upper shaded region of the graph, the fuel pump is functioning properly.
Scenario 2
If the measured fuel volume from the high-pressure fuel pump service tool at the recorded
engine speed is in the lower shaded region of the graph, the fuel pump is not functioning
properly and must be replaced.
Scenario 3
If the measured fuel volume is in the unshaded part of the graph then verify the following:





Correct specifications are being used.
Proper high-pressure fuel pump service tool installation.
That there are no external leaks.
That all low pressure system checks were made, and then perform the high pressure fuel
pump performance test again.

If the test readings are still in the unshaded area, the fuel pump head must be removed and
the fuel pump camshaft and fuel pump camshaft tappets rollers must be inspected. If the fuel
pump passes the visual inspection, contact technical support.
Finishing Steps






Remove the test equipment.
Install the fuel injector supply lines. Follow the installation sequence outlined in the fuel
rail installation procedure. See the corresponding Service Manual. Reference Procedure
006-060 Fuel Rail in section 6.
Connect the fuel pump actuator electrical connector.
Connect the injector pass-through electrical connector(s).

Document History
Date
2015-6-26
2015-7-7
2015-7-9
2015-7-15
2015-8-17
2016-5-5

Details
Module Created
none
Non-Product Problem Solving (PPS)
Product Problem Solving (PPS)
Format changes.
Updated Step 5 and 6 and Figure 4 and 5 axis explanations. Added Figure 7.

Last Modified: 20-Jun-2016
Copyright © 2000-2010 Cummins Inc. All rights reserved.

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