Loading New Software
Tesla updates your vehicle's software wirelessly, constantly providing new features. Tesla recommends you install software
updates as soon as they are available on your vehicle. To ensure the fastest and most reliable delivery of software updates,
leave Wi-Fi turned on and connected whenever possible. In most cases, your vehicle must be connected to Wi-Fi to start an
update (see Connecting to Wi-Fi on page 403).
Software updates are not performed when the following features are active:
• Smart Preconditioning,
• Keep Climate On, Dog Mode, or Camp Mode
• Sentry Mode
NOTE: On an as-needed basis, Tesla also sends software updates using a cellular connection.
WARNING: Do not attempt to use the vehicle while the software is being updated. Vehicle functions, including some
safety systems, may be limited or disabled when a software update is in progress and you could damage the vehicle.
When a software update is available, a yellow clock icon appears at the top of the touchscreenControls screen. There are three
ways you can install software updates:
• Touch the yellow clock icon to display the scheduling screen, which prompts you to select a time to install the update (Set
For This Time) or install it now (Install Now). Once scheduled, the yellow clock icon changes to a white clock icon until the
update begins. At any time before the update begins, you can touch this clock icon to reschedule the update.
• Touch Controls > Software to determine if an update is available for your vehicle. If available, touch Software Update
Available to navigate to the scheduling screen, as mentioned above.
• Start updates using the Tesla mobile app.
NOTE: Some software updates can take up to three hours to complete. Model SModel X must be in Park while the software is
being updated. To ensure the fastest and most reliable delivery of software updates, leave the Wi-Fi turned on and connected
whenever possible (see Connecting to Wi-Fi on page 403).
The yellow clock icon becomes a green download icon when a software update is downloading. If a yellow download icon
displays, a software update is available but your vehicle is not connected to Wi-Fi. Connect your vehicle to Wi-Fi to start the
download.

Software Update Preferences
You can choose how quickly and often you receive software updates. To change your preference, touch Controls > Software >
Software Update Preferences and choose either of these options:
• Standard: Receive software updates using the normal rollout timeframe for your region and vehicle configuration. When a
software release is made available it has generally been running on other customer vehicles for a period of time.
• Advanced: Receive the latest software updates for your region and vehicle configuration as soon as they are available. Tesla
determines how, when, and where to send updates to vehicles based on various factors unique to each release. Keep in
mind that although you receive updates as soon as they are available for your specific vehicle, you may not be in the first
Tesla group of Tesla owners to receive the update. Choosing Advanced does not enroll your vehicle in Tesla's early access
program.
NOTE: Tesla does not update software upon request for those wanting to receive the latest features and improvements.
Selecting Advanced and consistently connecting to Wi-Fi (see Connecting to Wi-Fi on page 403) is the best way to receive
the latest software updates.
NOTE: The software update screen persists until you install the update. You must install a software update as soon it becomes
available. Any harm resulting from failure to install a software update is not covered by the vehicle’s warranty. Failure or refusal
to install updates can cause some vehicle features to become inaccessible, digital media devices to become incompatible, and
can limit Tesla's ability to diagnose and service your vehicle.

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NOTE: Reverting to a previous software version is not possible.
If the touchscreen displays a message indicating that a software update was not successfully completed, contact Tesla.

Charging
If Model SModel X is charging when the software update begins, charging stops. Charging resumes automatically when the
software update is complete. If you are driving Model SModel X at the scheduled update time, the update is canceled and
must be rescheduled.

Viewing Release Notes
When a software update is complete, read the release notes displayed on the touchscreen to learn about changes or new
features. To display release notes about the current version of your vehicle's software at any time, touch Controls > Software >
Release Notes.
Tesla strongly recommends reading all release notes. They may contain important safety information or operating instructions
for your Model SModel X.

Maintenance Schedule
Service Intervals
Your vehicle should generally be serviced on an as-needed basis. However, Tesla recommends the following maintenance
items and intervals, as applicable to your vehicle, to ensure continued reliability and efficiency of your Model SModel X.
• Brake fluid health check every 2 years (replace if necessary) or, if the vehicle is used for towing, replace the brake fluid
every 2 years.
• A/C desiccant bag replacement every 243 years.
• Cabin air filter replacement every 3 years.
• Cabin air filter replacement every 2 years.
• HEPA filter replacement every 3 years.
• HEPA filter replacement every 3 years.
• Clean and lubricate brake calipers every year or 12,500 miles (20,000 km) if in an area where roads are salted during winter
• Rotate tires every 6,250 miles (10,000 km) or if tread depth difference is 2/32 in (1.5 mm) or greater, whichever comes first
NOTE: The above intervals are based on normal driving behaviors and scenarios. Additionally, the above list should not be
considered comprehensive and does not include consumable parts such as windshield wipers, brake pads, etc.
NOTE: Damages or failures caused by maintenance or repairs performed by non-Tesla certified technicians are not covered by
the warranty.

Schedule Service
Scheduling a service visit through the mobile app is easy. After touching Schedule Service, select the type of service needed
and follow the directions in the mobile app. Provide as much detail as possible, such as:
• Photos, sound recordings, or videos.
• Date(s), time(s), and time zone when the issue occurred.
• Country of use and location.
• Approximate speed the vehicle was traveling (if applicable).
• Environmental conditions (rain, snow, cold, etc.).
• Road name and type of road (if applicable).
• Quality of lane markings (if applicable).
• Applicable vehicle settings.

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• Identifiable symptoms.
Visit https://www.tesla.com/support/service-visits for more information on scheduling service.

Daily Checks
• Check the Battery’s charge level, displayed on the instrument panel or mobile app.
• Check the condition and pressure of each tire (see Tire Care and Maintenance on page 431).
• Check that all exterior lights, horn, turn signals, and wipers and washers are working.
• Check for any unexpected indicator lights or vehicle alerts on the touchscreen or instrument panel.
• Check the operation of the brakes, including the parking brake.
• Check the operation of the seat belts (see Seat Belts on page 117).
• Look for abnormal fluid deposits underneath Model SModel X that might indicate a leak. It is normal for a small pool of
water to form (caused by the air conditioning system’s dehumidifying process).
• Look around the exterior of Model SModel X and immediately remove any corrosive substances (such as bird droppings,
tree resin, tar spots, dead insects, industrial fallout, etc.) to prevent damage to the paint (see Cleaning on page 446).

Monthly Checks
• Check windshield washer fluid level and top up if necessary (see Topping Up Windshield Washer Fluid on page 458).
• Check that the air conditioning system is operating correctly (see Climate Controls on page 360).
NOTE: In addition to cooling the interior, the air conditioning compressor also cools the Battery. Therefore, in hot weather, the
air conditioning compressor can turn on even if you turned it off. This is normal because the system’s priority is to cool the
Battery to ensure it stays within an optimum temperature range to support longevity and optimum performance. Also, even
when not in use, you may hear Model SModel X emit a whining noise or the sound of water circulating. These sounds are
normal and occur when the internal cooling systems turn on to support various vehicle functions, such as maintaining the low
voltage battery and balancing the temperature of the high voltage Battery.
WARNING: Contact Tesla immediately if you notice any significant or sudden drop in fluid levels or uneven tire wear.

Fluid Replacement Intervals
Your Battery coolant does not need to be replaced for the life of your vehicle under most circumstances. Brake fluid should be
checked every 2 years, replacing if necessary**.
*If the vehicle is used for towing, the brake fluid should be replaced every 2 years regardless of the health check.
*If the vehicle is used for towing, the brake fluid should be replaced every 2 years regardless of the health check.
NOTE: Any damage caused by opening the Battery coolant reservoir is excluded from the warranty.

High Voltage Safety
Your Model SModel X has been designed and built with safety as a priority. However, be aware of these precautions to protect
yourself from the risk of injury inherent in all high-voltage systems:
• Read and follow all instructions provided on the labels that are attached to Model SModel X. These labels are there for your
safety.
• The high voltage system has no user-serviceable parts. Do not disassemble, remove or replace high voltage components,
cables or connectors. High voltage cables are colored orange for easy identification.
• If a collision occurs, do not touch any high voltage wiring, connectors, or components connected to the wiring.
• In the unlikely event that a fire occurs, immediately contact your local fire emergency responders.
WARNING: Always disconnect the charge cable before working underneath Model SModel X, even if charging is not in
progress.

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WARNING: Keep your hands and clothing away from cooling fans. Some fans operate even when Model SModel X is
powered off.
WARNING: Some fluids (battery acid, Battery coolant, brake fluid, windshield washer additives, etc.) used in vehicles are
poisonous and should not be inhaled, swallowed, or brought into contact with open wounds. For your safety, always read
and follow instructions printed on fluid containers.

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Cleaning
Cleaning the Exterior
To prevent damage to the paint, immediately remove corrosive substances (bird droppings, tree resin, dead insects, tar spots,
road salt, industrial fallout, etc.). Do not wait until Model SModel X is due for a complete wash. If necessary, use denatured
alcohol to remove tar spots and stubborn grease stains, then immediately wash the area with water and a mild, non-detergent
soap to remove the alcohol.
Keep the exterior cameras free of dirt, condensation, or obstructions. These substances can cause unclear pictures or
Autopilot and safety features to stop working (see Cleaning a Camera on page 446).
Follow these steps when washing the exterior of Model SModel X:
1. Rinse Thoroughly
Before washing, flush grime and grit from the vehicle using a hose. Flush away accumulations of mud in areas where debris
easily collects (such as wheel wells and panel seams). If salt has been used on the highways (such as during winter
months), thoroughly rinse all traces of road salt from the underside of the vehicle, wheel wells, and brakes.
2. Hand Wash
Hand wash Model SModel X using a clean soft cloth and cold or lukewarm water containing a mild, high-quality car
shampoo.
CAUTION: Some cleaners and car shampoos contain chemicals that can cause damage or discoloration, especially to
plastic trim pieces, lamps, or camera lenses. For example, some car cleaning formulas contain hydroxide or other
highly alkaline or caustic ingredients that can damage exterior components. Damage or discoloration resulting from
cleaning products is not covered by the warranty.
3. Rinse with Clean Water
After washing, rinse with clean water to prevent soap from drying on the surfaces.
4. Dry Thoroughly and Clean Exterior Glass
After washing and rinsing, dry thoroughly with a chamois. If necessary, dry the brakes by going on a short drive and
applying the brakes multiple times.
Clean windows and mirrors using an automotive glass cleaner. Do not scrape, or use any abrasive cleaning fluid on glass or
mirrored surfaces.

Car Wash Mode
When taking Model SModel X to a car wash, Car Wash Mode closes all windows, locks all doors, and disables windshield
wipers, Sentry Mode, walk-away door locking, and parking sensor chimes. To enable, touch Controls > Service > Car Wash
Mode. Your vehicle must be stationary and not actively charging.
If using an automatic car wash, Enable Free Roll keeps your vehicle in Neutral and activates free roll for the duration of the
wash, while preventing Model SModel X from applying the Parking brake if you leave the driver's seat. To enable, press on the
brake pedal and touch Enable Free Roll; or shift into Neutral.
Car Wash Mode disables if the vehicle's speed exceeds 10 mph (16 km/h) or by touching Exit on the touchscreen.
CAUTION: Failure to put Model SModel X in Car Wash Mode may result in damage (for example, to the charge port or
windshield wipers). Damage caused by car washes is not covered by the warranty.
Cleaning a Camera
To ensure a clear picture, the camera lens must be clean and free of obstructions. Remove any build-up of dirt or debris by
spraying water onto the camera lens with a spray bottle or pressure washer.

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CAUTION: Do not attempt to remove dirt or debris by wiping an exposed lens with your hands or a cloth. This debris can
damage the surface of the lens when rubbed against it during wiping.
CAUTION: Do not use chemical-based or abrasive cleaners. Doing so can damage the surface of the lens.
Cautions for Exterior Cleaning
CAUTION: Do not wash in direct sunlight.
CAUTION: Do not use windshield treatment fluids. Doing so can interfere with wiper friction and cause a chattering
sound.
CAUTION: Do not use hot water, detergents, or highly alkaline or caustic cleaning products, especially those containing
hydroxide.
CAUTION: If using a pressure washer, maintain a distance of at least 12" (30 cm) between the nozzle and the surface of
Model SModel X. Avoid aiming the water jet directly at parking sensors. Keep the nozzle moving and do not concentrate
the water jet on any one area.
CAUTION: Do not aim water hoses directly at windows, door, or hood seals or at electronic modules or exposed cabling.
CAUTION: To avoid corrosive damage that may not be covered by the warranty, rinse away any road salt from the
underside of the vehicle, wheel wells, and brakes. After cleaning the vehicle, dry the brakes by going on a short drive
and applying the brakes multiple times.
CAUTION: Avoid using tight-napped or rough cloths, such as washing mitts. A high-quality microfiber cleaning cloth is
recommended.
CAUTION: If washing in an automatic car wash, use touchless car washes only. These car washes have no parts (brushes,
etc.) that touch the surfaces of Model SModel X. Some touchless car washes use caustic solutions that, over time, can
cause discoloration of decorative exterior trim. Avoid exposure to soaps and chemicals above pH 13. If unsure, check
the product label or ask the staff at the car wash. Damage caused by improper washing is not covered by the warranty.
CAUTION: If washing in an automatic car wash, make sure the vehicle is locked. In addition, avoid using controls on the
touchscreen that can result in accidentally opening doors or trunks while the vehicle is being washed. Any damage
caused is not covered by the warranty.
CAUTION: Ensure the wipers are off before washing Model SModel X to avoid the risk of damaging the wipers.
CAUTION: Do not use chemical based wheel cleaners or pre-wash products. These can damage the finish on the wheels.
WARNING: Never spray liquid at a high velocity (for example, if using a pressure washer) towards the charge port while
Model SModel X is charging. Failure to follow these instructions can result in serious injury or damage to the vehicle,
charging equipment, or property.

Cleaning the Interior
Frequently inspect and clean the interior to maintain its appearance and to prevent premature wear. If possible, immediately
wipe up spills and remove marks. For general cleaning, wipe interior surfaces using a soft cloth (such as microfiber) dampened
with a mixture of warm water and mild non-detergent cleaner (test all cleaners on a concealed area before use). To avoid
streaks, dry immediately with a soft lint-free cloth.
Interior Glass
Do not scrape, or use any abrasive cleaning fluid on glass or mirrored surfaces. This can damage the reflective surface of the
mirror and the heating elements in the rear window.
Airbags
Do not allow any substance to enter an airbag cover. This could affect correct operation.
Dashboard and Plastic Surfaces
Do not polish the upper surfaces of the dashboard. Polished surfaces are reflective and could interfere with your driving view.

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Seats
Wipe spills and chemical residues from interior surfaces as soon as possible using a soft cloth moistened with warm water and
non-detergent soap. Wipe gently in a circular motion. Then wipe dry using a soft, lint-free cloth.
Although seating surfaces are designed to repel stains, Tesla recommends regular cleaning to maintain performance and an
as-new appearance. Promptly treat dye transfer from clothing, such as indigo-dyed denim. Avoid contact with harsh
chemicals, including certain cosmetics. Never use cleaners containing alcohol or bleach. Spot-test cleaners on an
inconspicuous area before applying to visible surfaces.
If equipped with leather seats, note that leather is prone to dye-transfer which can cause discoloration, particularly on light
colored leather. White and tan leather is coated with an anti-soiling treatment. Using detergents or commercially available
leather cleaners and conditioners is not recommended because they can discolor or dry out the leather.
Vacuum cloth seats as needed to remove any loose dirt.
CAUTION: Aftermarket, non-Tesla seat covers may inhibit the sensitivity of a seat's occupancy sensors and may cause
staining or damage.
CAUTION: The front seats are equipped with microphones (see Active Road Noise Reduction on page 91) that must not
be exposed to liquids. To prevent damage to these microphones when cleaning, do not over-saturate the area of the
seats where these microphones are located.
Carpets
Avoid over-wetting carpets. For heavily soiled areas, use a diluted upholstery cleaner.
Seat Belts
Extend the belts to wipe. Do not use any type of detergent or chemical cleaning agent. Allow the belts to dry naturally while
extended, preferably away from direct sunlight.
Door Seals
Wipe door seals with a damp cloth to remove any debris. Excessive debris on the door seals can cause paint damage when
contacting surrounding surfaces. Avoid using alcohol wipes or any chemical products that can potentially deteriorate the
coating on the door seals.
Tesla Built-In Rear Facing Child Seats
Vacuum the seats to remove any loose dirt. Wipe the seats with a soft cloth dampened with warm water. You can also use an
upholstery cleaner designed for automotive use. Extend the belts to wipe. Allow the belts to dry naturally, preferably away
from direct sunlight.
Touchscreen, Rear Touchscreen, and Instrument PanelTouchscreen and Instrument Panel
Clean the touchscreen and instrument panel using a soft lint-free cloth specifically designed to clean monitors and displays.
Do not use cleaners (such as a glass cleaner) or alcohol-based gel products (such as hand sanitizer) and do not use a wet wipe
or a dry statically-charged cloth (such as a recently washed microfiber). To wipe the touchscreen without activating buttons
and changing settings, you can enable Screen Clean Mode. Touch Controls > Display > Screen Clean Mode. The display
darkens to make it easy to see dust and smudges. To exit Screen Clean Mode, press and hold HOLD TO EXIT.
Chrome and Metal Surfaces
Polish, abrasive cleaners, alcohol-based gel products (such as hand sanitizer), and hard cloths can damage the finish on
chrome and metal surfaces.
Cautions for Interior Cleaning
CAUTION: Using solvents (including alcohol), alcohol-based gel products (such as hand sanitizer), bleach, citrus,
naphtha, or silicone-based products or additives on interior components can cause damage.
CAUTION: Statically-charged materials can cause damage to the touchscreen or instrument panel.
WARNING: If you notice any damage on an airbag or seat belt, contact Tesla immediately.

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WARNING: Do not allow any water, cleaners, or fabric to enter a seat belt mechanism.
WARNING: Exposure to chemical cleaners can be hazardous and can irritate eyes and skin. Read and observe the
instructions provided by the manufacturer of the chemical cleaner.

Polishing, Touch Up, and Body Repair
To preserve the cosmetic appearance of the body, you can occasionally treat the paint surfaces with an approved polish
containing:
• Very mild abrasive to remove surface contamination without removing or damaging the paint.
• Filling compounds that fill scratches and reduce their visibility.
• Wax to provide a protective coating between the paint and environmental elements.
Regularly inspect the exterior paint for damage. Treat minor chips and scratches using a paint touch-up pen (available for
purchase from Tesla). Use the touch-up pen after washing but before polishing or waxing.
Repair rock chips, fractures or scratches. Refer to https://www.tesla.com/support/body-shop-support for more information
on repair locations and available services.
CAUTION: Do not use cutting pastes, color restoration compounds, or polishes containing harsh abrasives. These can
scour the surface and permanently damage the paint.
CAUTION: Do not use chrome polish or other abrasive cleaners.

Using a Car Cover
To preserve the cosmetic appearance of the body when Model SModel X is not being used, use a genuine Tesla car cover. Car
covers can be purchased from Tesla. See Parts and Accessories on page 465.

CAUTION: Use only a Tesla-approved car cover when Model SModel X is plugged in. Using a non-Tesla car cover can
prevent the Battery from being adequately cooled during charging.

Floor Mats
To extend the life of your carpet and make them easier to clean, use genuine Tesla floor mats (see Parts and Accessories on
page 465). Maintain floor mats by regularly cleaning them and checking that they are properly attached. Replace floor mats if
they become excessively worn.
WARNING: To avoid potential interference with a foot pedal, ensure that the driver’s floor mat is securely fastened, and
never place an additional floor mat on top of it. Floor mats should always rest on top of the vehicle carpeting surface and
not on another floor mat or other covering.

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Tire Pressures
Displaying Tire Pressures
Tire pressures display on the touchscreen by touching Controls > Service, or use the mobile app. The pressure of each tire
displays in the visualization of Model SModel X, in addition to the time the tire pressures were last read by the system.
The touchscreen also displays your vehicle's recommended cold tire pressures so you can easily determine how much to
inflate your tires.
To choose whether to display tire pressures using Bar or PSI, touch Controls > Display > Tire Pressure.
NOTE: You may need to drive briefly before the visualization displays the tire pressure values.

Maintaining Tire Pressures

Keep tires inflated to the recommended pressures, even if it differs from the pressure printed on the tire itself. The Tire and
Loading Information label on the center door pillar is visible when the driver door is open and represents a nominal driving
scenario in which the vehicle is carrying cargo in the front trunk and up to five passengers. When carrying heavy loads, up to
the vehicle's GVWR, in a Cybertruck equipped with All Terrain tires, the tire pressures should be increased.
Tires (Front and Rear)
20" All Season
20" All Terrain

Normal Load*

GVWR**

50 psi

50 psi

50 psi

65 psi

*Normal Load assumes a fully loaded front trunk and up to five occupants (see Calculating Load Limits on page 930).
**GVWR load capacity not exceeding the vehicle's Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (see Weights - Vehicle on page 934).
CAUTION: If you are towing a trailer, do not use the tire pressures printed on the Tire and Loading Information Label.
Instead, refer to the tire pressures published (see Tire Pressures when Towing on page 785).

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The Low Tire Pressure indicator light on the touchscreen alerts you if a tire is under-inflated. This light does not
immediately turn off when you adjust tire pressure. After inflating the tire to the recommended pressure, you
must drive over 15 mph (25 km/h) for a short amount of time to activate the Tire Pressure Monitoring System
(TPMS), which turns off the Low Tire Pressure indicator light.

If the indicator light flashes for one minute whenever you power on Model SModel X, a fault with the TPMS is detected.
Your vehicle’s tire pressures will drop in cold ambient temperatures. If the TPMS indicator light appears, inflate the tires before
driving. The tires will lose approximately one PSI for every 10° F (6° C) drop in outside temperature. Proper tire pressures help
protect tires from potholes and improve range and tire longevity when properly inflated.
WARNING: The Low Tire Pressure indicator light alerts you only in situations when a tire is below the recommended
threshold (as indicated on the Tire and Loading Information label) under normal driving conditions. It does not alert you
when a tire is under-inflated based on the load you are carrying.
WARNING: Under-inflation is the most common cause of tire failures and can cause a tire to overheat, resulting in severe
tire cracking, tread separation, or blowout. This may lead to unexpected loss of vehicle control and increased risk of
injury. Under-inflation also reduces the vehicle's range and tire tread life.

Checking and Adjusting Tire Pressures
WARNING: Check tire pressures using an accurate pressure gauge when tires are cold. It takes only about one mile
(1.6 km) of driving to warm up the tires sufficiently to affect tire pressures. Parking the vehicle in direct sunlight or in hot
weather can also affect tire pressures. If you must check warm tires, expect increased pressures. Do not let air out of
warm tires in an attempt to match recommended cold tire pressures. A hot tire at or below the recommended cold tire
inflation pressure is dangerously under-inflated.
Follow these steps when tires are cold and Model SModel X has been stationary for over three hours:
1. Refer to the Tire and Loading Information label located on the driver’s center door pillar for the target tire pressure.
2. Remove the wheel cover (see Removing and Installing Wheel Covers on page 904).
3. Remove the valve cap.
4. Firmly press an accurate tire pressure gauge onto the valve to measure pressure.
NOTE: You can also view tire pressures on the touchscreen.

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5. If required, add or remove air to reach the recommended pressure.
NOTE: You can release air by pressing the metal stem in the center of the valve.
6. Re-check pressure using the accurate tire gauge.
7. Repeat steps 5 and 6 as necessary until the tire pressure is correct.
8. Reinstall the valve cap to prevent dirt from entering. Periodically check the valve for damage and leaks.
9. Reinstall the wheel cover.

Tire Pressure Monitoring
The Model SModel X is equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system that warns the driver of significant
under-inflation or over-inflation of the tires by displaying the Tire Pressure Indicator Light. Check the Tire
Information label located on the driver's door pillar for more details, or see Maintaining Tire Pressures on page
897.

Each tire, including the spare (if provided), should be checked monthly when cold and inflated to the inflation pressure
recommended by the vehicle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tires of a
different size than the size indicated on the vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label, you should determine the proper tire
inflation pressure for those tires.)
As an added safety feature, your vehicle has been equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) that illuminates a
low tire pressure telltale when one or more of your tires is significantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when the low tire pressure
telltale illuminates, you should stop and check your tires as soon as possible, and inflate them to the proper pressure. Driving
on a significantly under-inflated tire causes the tire to overheat and can lead to tire failure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel
efficiency and tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle's handling and stopping ability.
Please note that the TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire maintenance, and it is the driver's responsibility to maintain
correct tire pressure, even if under-inflation has not reached the level to trigger illumination of the TPMS low tire pressure
telltale.

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TPMS Malfunction
Your vehicle has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the system is not operating properly.
The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the low tire pressure telltale. When the system detects a malfunction, the
telltale will flash for approximately one minute and then remain continuously illuminated. This sequence will continue upon
subsequent vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunction exists.
When the malfunction indicator is illuminated, the system may not be able to detect or signal low tire pressure as intended.
TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replacement or alternate tires or wheels on
the vehicle that prevent the TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one
or more tires or wheels on your vehicle to ensure that the replacement or alternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to
continue to function properly.
The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the tire pressure indicator light. If Model SModel X detects a
fault with the TPMS, this indicator flashes for one minute whenever you power on Model SModel X.

NOTE: Installing accessories that are not approved by Tesla can interfere with the TPMS.
NOTE: If a tire has been replaced or repaired using a different tire sealant than the one available from Tesla, and a low tire
pressure is detected, it is possible that the tire sensor has been damaged.

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Inspecting and Maintaining Tires
Regularly inspect the tread and side walls for any sign of distortion (bulges), foreign objects, cuts or wear.
WARNING: Do not drive Model SModel X if a tire is damaged, excessively worn, or inflated to an incorrect pressure.
Check tires regularly for wear, and ensure there are no cuts, bulges or exposure of the ply/cord structure.
To improve the mileage you get from your tires, maintain tires at the recommended tire pressures, observe speed limits and
advisory speeds, and avoid:
• Pulling away quickly, or hard acceleration.
• Fast turns and heavy braking.
• Potholes and objects in the road.
• Hitting curbs when parking.
• Contaminating tires with fluids that can cause damage.

Tire Wear
Adequate tread depth is important for proper tire performance.
Model SModel X is originally fitted with tires that have wear indicators molded into the tread pattern. When the tread has been
worn down to 2/32” (1.6 mm), the indicators start to appear at the surface of the tread pattern, producing the effect of a
continuous band of rubber across the width of the tire. For optimal performance and safety, Tesla recommends replacing tires
before the wear indicators are visible.
Tires with a tread depth less than 4/32” (3 mm) are more likely to hydroplane and should not be used when driving in wet
conditions. Tires with a tread depth less than 5/32” (4 mm) do not perform well in snow and slush and should not be used
when driving in winter conditions.
To improve vehicle handling characteristics and minimize hydroplaning in wet conditions, put tires with the most tread on the
rear of the car.

Tire Rotation, Balance, and Wheel Alignment
Tesla recommends rotating the tires every 6,250 miles (10,000 km) or if tread depth difference is 2/32 in (1.6 mm) or greater,
whichever comes first.
Tire rotation is an essential part of tire maintenance. It helps maintain an even tread wear pattern which enhances the tire's
overall wear quality, decreases road noise and maximizes tire life.
Unbalanced wheels (sometimes noticeable as vibration through the steering wheel) affect vehicle handling and tire life. Even
with regular use, wheels can get out of balance. Therefore, they should be balanced as required.
If tire wear is uneven (on one side of the tire only) or becomes abnormally excessive, check the wheel alignment.
Punctured Tires
A puncture eventually causes the tire to lose pressure, which is why it is important to check tire pressures frequently.
Permanently repair (if safe to do so) or replace punctured or damaged tires as soon as possible.
Your tubeless tires may not leak when penetrated, provided the object remains in the tire. If, however, you feel a sudden
vibration or ride disturbance while driving, or you suspect a tire is damaged, immediately reduce your speed. Drive slowly,
while avoiding heavy braking or sharp steering and, when safe to do so, stop the vehicle and contact Roadside Assistance.
NOTE: In some cases, you can temporarily repair small tire punctures (under 1/4” (6 mm)) using an optional tire repair kit
available from Tesla. This allows you to slowly drive Model SModel X to a nearby tire repair facility.
WARNING: Do not drive with a punctured tire that has not been repaired, even if the puncture has not caused the tire to
deflate. A punctured tire can deflate suddenly at any time.

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Maintenance
Flat Spots
If Model SModel X is stationary for a long period, tires can form flat spots. When Model SModel X is driven, these flat spots
cause a vibration which gradually disappears as the tires warm up and regain their original shape.
To minimize flat spots during storage, inflate tires to the maximum pressure indicated on the tire's sidewall. Then, before
driving, release air to adjust tire pressure to the recommended levels.
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
After replacing one or more wheels (but not after just replacing a tire or rotating wheels), the TPMS sensors are reset to
ensure tire pressure warnings are accurate. TPMS sensors reset automatically after driving over 15 mph (25 km/h) for longer
than 10 minutes.
NOTE: After replacing a wheel, false tire pressure warnings may display before you've driven 15 mph (25 km/h) for longer than
10 minutes.
WARNING: If your Model SModel X is equipped with aftermarket tires that differ in size from those printed on the Tire
and Loading Information Label (see Vehicle Loading on page 928), it is the driver's responsibility to determine the
correct tire pressure. Do not drive on public roads when tires are not inflated to the correct pressure.
WARNING: Do not depend on TPMS sensors to accurately determine pressures and trigger alerts. It is the driver's
responsibility to maintain correct tire pressures (see Maintaining Tire Pressures on page 897). Over or under-inflated
tires can result in loss of control or tire damage, which can lead to serious injury.
TPMS Malfunction
Model SModel X has also been equipped with a TPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when the system is not operating
properly.
The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined with the tire pressure indicator light. When the system detects a
malfunction, the indicator flashes for approximately one minute, then remains continuously lit. This sequence
continues upon subsequent vehicle start-ups as long as the malfunction exists. When the TPMS malfunction
indicator is on, the system might not be able to detect or signal under-inflated tires as intended.

TPMS malfunctions can occur for a variety of reasons, including installing replacement or alternate tires or wheels that prevent
the TPMS from functioning properly. Always check the TPMS malfunction indicator light after replacing one or more tires or
wheels on your vehicle to ensure that the replacement tires or wheels allow the TPMS to continue to function properly.
NOTE: If a tire has been replaced or repaired using a different tire sealant than the one available from Tesla, and a low tire
pressure is detected, it is possible that the tire sensor has been damaged. Use the mobile app to schedule a service
appointment to have the fault repaired as soon as possible.
Replacing a Tire Sensor
If the Tire Pressure warning indicator displays frequently, schedule a service appointment to determine if a tire sensor needs
to be replaced. Non-Tesla Service Center must replace using a Tesla OEM sensor.

Seasonal Tire Types
Understand Your Tire Type
The type of tires that your vehicle is originally equipped with depends on vehicle model and market region. It is important to
understand the capabilities of your vehicle's tires and whether they are suited for summer, all-season, or winter driving. Check
the information on the sidewall of a tire for information about a tire's performance characteristics (see Tire Pressures on page
897).
Summer and All-Season Tires
Summer tires and all season tires are designed for maximum dry and wet road performance but are not designed to perform
well in winter conditions. All-season tires are designed to provide adequate traction in most conditions year-round, but may
not provide the same level of traction as winter tires in snowy or icy conditions. All-season tires can be identified by “ALL
SEASON" and/or "M+S” (mud and snow) on the tire sidewall.

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Owner's Manual

Maintenance
If driving in cold temperatures or on roads where snow or ice may be present, Tesla recommends using winter tires.
WARNING: In cold temperatures or on snow or ice, summer and all-season tires do not provide adequate traction.
Selecting and installing the appropriate tires for winter conditions is important to ensure the safety and optimum
performance of your Model SModel X.
All-Terrain Tires
Use all-terrain tires if you regularly drive on gravel and dirt roads. All-terrain tires are suitable for driving on both paved roads
(city streets, highways, etc.) as well as off-road (sand, dirt, mud, etc.). All-terrain tires must be the same diameter, brand,
construction and tread pattern on all four wheels.
When driving with all-terrain tires, you may experience more road noise, shorter tread life, and less traction on dry roads.
Winter Tires
Use winter tires to increase traction in snowy or icy conditions. When installing winter tires, always install a complete set of
four tires at the same time. Winter tires must be the same diameter, brand, construction and tread pattern on all four wheels.
Winter tires can be identified by a mountain/snowflake symbol on the tire's sidewall.

When driving with winter tires, you may experience more road noise and shorter tread life.

Driving in Low Temperatures
Tire performance is reduced in low ambient temperatures, resulting in reduced grip and an increased susceptibility to damage
from impacts. Performance tires (summer applications) have reduced traction in ambient temperatures below 5° C40° F (5°