Checking and Cleaning Wiper Blades
Periodically clean the edge of the wiper blades and check the rubber for cracks, splits, and roughness. If damaged,
replace the blade immediately to prevent damage to the glass and improve visibility.
Contaminants on the windshield, or on the wiper blades, can reduce the effectiveness of the wipers. Contaminants
include ice, wax spray from car washes, washer fluid with bug and/or water repellent, bird droppings, tree sap, and
other organic substances.

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Follow these guidelines for cleaning:
• Clean the windshield and wiper blades using washer fluid, isopropyl (rubbing) alcohol, or non-abrasive glass
cleaner approved for use on automotive glass and rubber. Inappropriate products can cause damage or smears,
and create glare on the windshield.
• Lift the wiper arm a short distance away from the windshield, just far enough to access the wiper blade. Do not
lift a wiper arm beyond its intended position.
If the wipers remain ineffective after cleaning, replace the wiper blades.
Replacing Wiper Blades
For optimum performance, replace the wiper blades at least once a year. Replacement blades must meet the
following criteria:
• The blade on the driver's side must be 26 inches (650 mm) long and 20 inches (500 mm) long for the blade on
the passenger's side.
• Ensure the connector on the replacement blade is the same as the original blade. Different connectors may
prevent the replacement blade from connecting to the wiper arm on the vehicle.
You can purchase replacement wiper blades on the Tesla Shop.
NOTE: Only install replacement blades that are identical to the original blades. Using inappropriate blades can
damage the wiper system and windshield.
To replace the wiper blades:
1. Shift into Park and turn off the wipers.
2. Touch Controls > Service > Wiper Service Mode to move the wipers to the service position.
3. Lift the wiper arm a short distance away from the windshield, just far enough to access the wiper blade.
CAUTION: Wiper blades do not lock into a lifted position. Do not lift a wiper arm beyond its intended
position.
4. Place a towel between the wiper arm and windshield to avoid scratching or cracking the windshield.
5. Hold the wiper arm and press the locking tab while sliding the blade down the arm.

6. Align the new wiper blade on the wiper arm and slide it toward the end of the wiper arm until it locks into place.
7. Turn Wiper Service Mode off to return the wipers to their normal position.
Cleaning Washer Jets
The position of the windshield washers is set at the factory and should never need adjusting.
If a windshield washer becomes blocked, use a thin strand of wire to clear any blockages from the nozzles.
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WARNING: Do not operate the washers while cleaning Model S. Windshield washer fluid can irritate eyes and
skin. Read and observe the washer fluid manufacturer’s instructions.

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Jacking and Lifting
Jacking Procedure
Follow the steps below to lift Model S. Ensure that any non-Tesla repair facility is aware of these lifting points.
1. Position Model S centrally between the lift posts.
2. If your Model S is equipped with air suspension, it automatically self-levels, even when power is off (see Jack
Mode on page 236). Use the touchscreen to set the suspension as follows:
◦ Touch Controls > Suspension.
◦ Press the brake pedal, then touch Very High to maximize the height of the suspension.
◦ Touch Controls > Service > Jack Mode to disable self-leveling.
3. Position the lift arm pads under the designated body lift points at the locations shown.
WARNING: DO NOT position the lift arm pads under the Battery or side rails.

4. Adjust the height and position of the lift arm pads to ensure that they are correctly located.
5. With assistance, raise the lift to the desired height, ensuring the lift arm pads remain in their correct positions.
6. Engage any lift safety locks. Follow the lift manufacturer's instructions.
NOTE: Jack mode cancels when Model S is driven over 4 mph (7 km/h).
NOTE: Jack mode may be unexpectedly enabled in situations where an object is supporting the vehicle's weight (for
example the bumper of the vehicle is resting on a curb).
WARNING: The air suspension system automatically self-levels, even when power is off. You MUST disable this
system by engaging Jack mode before lifting or jacking. If you do not disable the air suspension, Model S can
attempt to self-level, causing serious damage, bodily injury, or death.
WARNING: Never raise Model S when the charge cable is connected, even if charging is not in progress.
WARNING: Do not work on an incorrectly supported vehicle. Doing so can cause serious damage, bodily injury,
or death.
CAUTION: DO NOT lift from under the Battery or side rails. Place the lift arm pads under the designated body
lift points only. The locations shown are the only approved lifting points for Model S. Lifting at any other points
can cause damage. Damage caused by incorrectly lifting Model S is not covered by the warranty.

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Jack Mode
If Model S is equipped with air suspension, it automatically self-levels, even when power is off. To prevent damage
when jacking or lifting the vehicle, you must activate Jack mode to disable self-leveling. Jack mode prevents the
self-leveling that occurs even when Model S is powered off.
Press the brake pedal, then touch Controls > Service > Jack Mode.
To deactivate, touch Jack Mode again.
NOTE: Jack Mode automatically cancels when you drive over 4 mph (7 km/h).
NOTE: Model S also sets Jack mode automatically if it detects that the vehicle cannot lower to its target height, or if
it detects that an object is supporting the vehicle's weight (for example the bumper of the vehicle is resting on a
curb).

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Parts and Accessories
Parts, Accessories, and Modifications
Use only genuine Tesla parts and accessories. Tesla performs rigorous testing on parts to ensure their suitability,
safety, and reliability. Purchase these parts from Tesla, where they are professionally installed and where you can
receive expert advice about modifications to Model S. Accessories are available for purchase from Tesla stores or
online at www.tesla.com.
NOTE: Some accessories may not be available in your market region.
Tesla is unable to assess parts manufactured by other distributors and therefore accepts no responsibility if you use
non-Tesla parts on Model S.
WARNING: Installing non-approved parts and accessories, or performing non-approved modifications, can
affect the performance of Model S and the safety of its occupants. Any damage caused by using or installing
non-approved parts, or by performing non-approved modifications, is not covered by the warranty.
WARNING: Tesla does not accept liability for death, personal injury or damage that occurs if you use or install
non-approved accessories or make non-approved modifications.
Body Repairs
If your Model S is in a collision, contact Tesla or a Tesla-approved Body Shop to ensure that it is repaired with
genuine Tesla parts. Tesla has selected and approved body shops that meet strict requirements for training,
equipment, quality, and customer satisfaction.
Some repair shops and insurance companies might suggest using non-original equipment or salvaged parts to save
money. However, these parts do not meet Tesla's high standards for quality, fit and corrosion resistance. In addition,
non-original equipment and salvaged parts (and any damage or failures they might cause) are not covered by the
warranty.
Replacing Cabin Air Filters
Model S has an air filter that prevents pollen, industrial fallout, road dust, and other particles from entering the cabin
through the vents. Tesla recommends replacing these filters every 2 years (every year in China). Cabin filters can be
purchased at the Tesla Shop.
To replace the cabin filter:
1. Turn off the climate control system.
2. Move the front passenger seat fully rearwards.
3. Slowly and gently pull down the footwell cover to release the magnets, then disconnect the electrical harness on
the right side of the cover. Set the footwell cover aside.
4. Squeeze the cabin filter door lock to release it, and then remove and set the door aside.
5. Note the direction of air flow printed on the cabin filter. The arrows on the filter should face toward the rear of the
vehicle.
6. Slide the filter out of the HVAC module.
7. Ensuring that the arrows on the new filter face toward the rear of the vehicle, insert the new cabin filter into the
HVAC module.
8. Slide the cabin filter door onto the HVAC module, and then push the door to lock it.
NOTE: Ensure the lock is fully engaged and the door is sealed shut.
9. Position the front passenger footwell cover on the vehicle and connect the electrical harness to the cover.
10. Install the front passenger footwell cover, making sure the magnets (x3) are locked into position.
11. Move the front passenger seat back to its original position.

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Using RFID Transponders
When attaching an RFID transponder (used by many automated toll systems) inside Model S, place the transponder
on the bottom corner of the passenger side of the windshield as shown. This ensures best results and minimizes any
obstruction to your driving view.
NOTE: You can also attach a weather-proof transponder to the front license plate.

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Do It Yourself Maintenance
Learn how to perform simple Do It Yourself procedures, such as replacing wiper blades and cabin filters, or installing
the paint protection film kit. See https://service.tesla.com/docs/Public/diy/index-model-s.html for instructions,
animations, and videos of these procedures.
NOTE: Due to market region or vehicle configuration specifics, some parts and procedures may not be available for
your vehicle. When navigating to http://www.tesla.com, select your region and language to see an updated list of
parts and accessories available for your region.
CAUTION: Perform each procedure in a dry and well-lit area. For your safety, only perform a procedure if you
feel comfortable doing so, and always follow provided instructions.

Specifications
Identification Labels
Vehicle Identification Number
You can find the VIN at the following locations:
• Touch Controls > Software.
• Stamped on a plate located at the top of the dashboard. Can be seen by looking through the windshield on the
driver's side of the vehicle.

• Printed on the Vehicle Certification label, located on the door pillar. Can be seen when the driver’s door is open.

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Emission Control Label
The emission control label is located on the opening face of the liftgate.
NOTE: For vehicles with a model year of 2022 or newer, the emission control label is now located on the inside of the
front hood and may not match the label shown.

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Vehicle Loading
Vehicle Labeling
It is important to understand your vehicle's original tire sizes and pressures, and theGVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight
Rating) and GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating). This information can be found on two labels attached to Model S.

1. Tire and Loading Information Label
2. Vehicle Certification Label
WARNING: Overloading Model S has an adverse effect on braking and handling, which can compromise your
safety or cause damage.
CAUTION: Never store large amounts of liquid in Model S. A significant spill can cause electrical components
to malfunction.
Tire and Loading Information Label
The Tire and Loading Information label provides:
• The maximum number of occupant seating positions.
• The maximum vehicle capacity weight.
• The size of the original tires.
• The cold inflation pressures for the original front and rear tires. These pressures are recommended to optimize
ride and handling characteristics.
United States/Canada:

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Mexico:

Never change this label, even if you use different tires in the future.
NOTE: If Model S is loaded to its full capacity, double check all tires to ensure they are inflated to their
recommended pressure levels.
Vehicle Certification Label
The Vehicle Certification label provides:
• GVWR - Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. The maximum allowable total mass of Model S. This is calculated as the
weight of Model S equipped with the heaviest factory selectable options, all passengers, fluids, and cargo.
• GAWR FRT and GAWR RR - Gross Axle Weight Rating for the front and rear axles. The GAWR is the maximum
distributed weight that each axle can support.
United States:

Canada:

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Mexico:

CAUTION: To prevent damage, never load Model S so that it is heavier than GVWR or exceeds the individual
GAWR weights.
Roof Racks
A Model S equipped with a glass roof can carry up to 165 lbs (75 kg) using a Tesla-approved roof rack (see Parts and
Accessories on page 237).
Calculating Load Limits
1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX lbs or XXX kg” on
the “Tire and Loading Information” label.
2. Determine the combined weight of all occupants that will ride in the vehicle.
3. Subtract the combined weight of the occupants from XXX lbs or XXX kg (see Step 1).
4. The resulting figure equals the available cargo load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs
(635 kg) and there will be five 150 lb (68 kg) passengers in the vehicle, the amount of available cargo capacity is
650 lbs (1400 ‑ 750 (5 x 150) = 650 lbs) or 295 kg (635 ‑ 340 (5 x 68) = 295 kg).
5. Determine the combined cargo weight being loaded on the vehicle. That weight must not exceed the available
cargo load capacity calculated in Step 4.
WARNING: Trunks are the preferred places to carry objects. In a collision, or during hard braking and sharp
turns, loose items in the cabin could injure occupants.
Example Load Limit Calculations

How much cargo Model S can carry depends on the number and weight of passengers. The following calculated load
limit examples assume passengers weigh 150 lbs (68 kg). If passengers weigh more or less, available cargo weight
decreases or increases respectively.

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Driver and one passenger
Description

Total

Vehicle capacity weight

954 lbs (433 kg)

Subtract occupant weight (2 x 150 lbs/68 kg)

300 lbs (136 kg)

Available cargo weight

654 lbs (297 kg)

Driver and four passengers
Description

Total

Vehicle capacity weight

954 lbs (433 kg)

Subtract occupant weight (5 x 150 lbs/68 kg)

750 lbs (340 kg)

Available cargo weight

204 lbs (93 kg)

When carrying cargo, distribute the weight as evenly as possible between the front and rear trunks. For maximum
load limits specific to the trunks, see Front Trunk Load Limit on page 43 and Rear Trunk Load Limits on page 40.

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Dimensions
Exterior Dimensions
CAUTION: Depending on configuration (such as suspension height or wheel selection), your vehicle's liftgate
can open up to approximately 7.5 feet (2.3 meters) high. See Adjusting Liftgate Opening Height on page 39 to
adjust the liftgate height and prevent it from coming into contact with low ceilings or other objects.
Interior Dimensions

Head Room

Front
Rear

38.8 in
35.3 in

986 mm
897 mm

Leg Room

Front
Rear

42.7 in
35.4 in

1,085 mm
899 mm

Shoulder Room

Front
Rear

57.7 in
55 in

1,466 mm
1,397 mm

Hip Room

Front
Rear

55 in
54.7 in

1,397 mm
1,389 mm

Cargo Volume
Rear cargo volume

26.3 cu ft

744.7 L

Rear cargo volume (with seats folded down)

58.1 cu ft

1,645.2 L

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Dimensions
Exterior Dimensions

Callout

Description

Measurement (in)

Measurement (mm)

A

Overall Length

197.7

5,021

B

Overall Width (including mirrors)
Overall Width (excluding mirrors)

86.2
78.2

2,189
1,987

C

Overall Height*:
- suspension set to medium
- suspension set to highest**

56.3
58.1

1,431
1,478

D

Wheel Base

116.5

2,960

E

Overhang - Front

37.8

961

F

Overhang - Rear

43.3

1,100

G

Ground Clearance*:
- suspension set to lowest
- suspension set to medium
- suspension set to highest**

4.6
5.0
6.2

117
126
158

H

Track - Front and Rear

66.5

1,690

*Values are approximate and based on 19" wheels. Values can vary depending on a vehicle's options and various
other factors.
**When vehicle is in Transport Mode, the suspension is automatically set to the highest setting.
CAUTION: Depending on configuration (such as suspension height or wheel selection), your vehicle's liftgate
can open up to approximately 7.5 feet (2.3 meters) high. See Adjusting Liftgate Opening Height on page 39 to
adjust the liftgate height and prevent it from coming into contact with low ceilings or other objects.
Interior Dimensions
Area
Head Room

Location

Measurement (in)

Measurement (mm)

Front

39.7

1,008

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Area

Location

Measurement (in)

Measurement (mm)

Rear

38.1

968

Front

42.4

1,077

Rear

35.5

901

Front

58.4

1,484

Rear

55.1

1,399

Front

54.8

1,393

Rear

50.3

1,278

Leg Room
Shoulder Room

Hip Room

Cargo Volume
Area

Volume (liters)

Volume (cubic feet)

89

3.1

Behind first row, second row folded flat

1,739

61.4

Behind second row

709

25.0

Maximum total cargo volume with driver and front passenger

1,828

64.6

Maximum total cargo volume with driver and 4 passengers

798

28.2

Front trunk

Subsystems
Motor Type
Motor Type

Front and rear
motor

Model S
Model X

Model S Plaid
Model X Plaid